R
RECENT - REITERATION
RECENT - adjectives
• LATELY † recent, late ...1581
• NEOTERIC recent, new, modern ...1596
• NEOTERICAL recent, new, modern ...1588
• NOVITIOUS † newly invented, of recent origin, new ...1659
• PUISNE later, more recent; of subsequent date ...M17
RECENT - nouns
• LAST AGE, THE † recent times ...1562
RECENTLY - adverbs
• LASTLY † very lately, recently ...1592
• LATER YEARS recently, nowadays ...1967 Amer. dial.
• LATE YEARS recently, nowadays ...1967 Amer. dial.
• LATEWARD † of late, recently ...1471
• LATEWARDLY † of late, lately; at a late date ...1720
• LATEWARDS † lately, recently ...1483
• LATE-WHILE(S) of late, recently ...1839
• LATTER DAYS recently, nowadays ...1976 Amer. dial.
• NEWLINS newly, recently ...1829 Sc.
• SITH LATE † recently ...1483
RECENTNESS - nouns
• LATELINESS † recency ...1605
RECEPTACLE - nouns
• CAP-CASE † a receptacle of any kind; a box, chest, casket, case ...1597
• CAPSULE † a little case or receptacle ...1652
• PARSON'S BARN a place that is 'never so full but there is still room for more'; a receptacle for everything ...1796 sl.
RECEPTION - nouns
• ACCOIL * reception, welcome ...1814
• ICE a cool reception; a brush-off; a snub; an act of rejection ...L19 US sl.
• ICE MITT a rejection or refusal; a snub; a cold or hostile reception ...1935 Amer. dial.
• IMBOO a welcome, a kindly or hospitable reception ...a1838 Sc.
• INBU a welcome, a kindly or hospitable reception ...a1838 Sc.
• INNIN an entrance, introduction, friendly reception ...1877 Sc.
RECESS - nouns
• HALKE † a corner, recess, hiding-place ...a1300
RECIPE - nouns
• RECEIPT a recipe ...1847 Amer. dial.
RECITATION - nouns
• CANTILLATION chanting, intoning, musical recitation ...1864
• DEAD a complete failure in recitation ...1827 Amer. students' sl.
• SCRIFT † a recitation; a long-winded story; a written composition; a made-up tale; a falsehood ...1766 Sc.
RECITATION - verbs
• DEAD 1. of a teacher: to cause a student to fail in recitation ...1837 Amer. sl.
2. make a complete failure in recitation; to be ignorant of the lesson ...1847 Amer. sl.
RECITE - verbs
• BESPOUT 1. to recite to, to plague with oratory ...1828
2. to utter, say, or recite with pompous elocution ...1857
• CANTILLATE to chant; to recite with musical tones ...1864
• DECLINE † to say or recite formally or in definite order ...1594
• GALLOP OVER to hurry over in reading or reciting; to read cursorily ...1782
• GALLOP THROUGH to hurry over in reading or reciting; to read cursorily ...1826
• NAIT †* to go over, to recite, to repeat ...a1300
• RAME to repeat, to recite, to declaim ...1703 Sc.
• REEBLE to read or recite quickly; to gabble ...1872 Sc.
• RIBBLE OFF to recite quickly, by rote; to speak rapidly a list or series one knows well ...1900 Amer. dial.
• RIBBLE to read or recite quickly; to gabble ...1872 Sc.
• SCREED to talk, read, or recite rapidly and fluently; to reel off; to repeat a lying fabrication ...1843 Sc.
• YED † to sing, to recite, to talk, to discourse ...c888
RECKLESS - adjectives
• BORIS-NORIS careless, reckless, rash; happy-go-lucky; going on blindly without any thought of risk or decency ...1863 Eng. dial.
• BULL-AT-A-GATE rash, reckless ...1896
• FAST-GATED reckless, thoughtless, hasty; presumptuous, immodest ...1874 Eng. dial.
• HAILY wild, reckless ...1896 Amer. dial.
• HAIRY-CUM-STAIRY harum-scarum, reckless, rash; irresponsible ...1919 Sc.
• HAND-OVER-HEAD † thoughtlessly extravagant; precipitate, rash, reckless; indiscriminate ...a1693 now rare or obs.
• HARE-BRAINED stupid and heedless, reckless; rash, wild, mad ...1548
• HAREM-SCAREM reckless, careless, heedless in action; wild, rash ...1751
• HARE'UM- SCARE-'UM reckless, careless, heedless in action; wild, rash ...1751
• HARUM-SCARUM. reckless, careless, heedless in action; wild, rash ...1751
• HEAD-OVER-HAP headstrong, reckless ...Bk1902 Sc.
• HELL-BENT FOR ELECTION unshakably determined; reckless; fast, furious ...1899 Amer. sl.
• LAVISHING † given to reckless or unrestrained behaviour ...1598
• MADCAP mad, crackbrained, reckless, wildly impulsive ...1588
• NECK-OR-NOTHING headlong, reckless ...1814
• ONTAKING buying or taking on credit; hence, reckless, rash, somewhat untrustworthy in business dealings; dishonest ...1880 Sc.
• ON THE RAMPAGE rushing about in a reckless or riotous fashion ...1861
• RACKLE † hasty, rash, reckless, impetuous, headstrong; rough or coarse in action; violent ...a1300 obs. exc. Sc. & N. Eng. dial.
• RACKLESOME boisterous, noisy, reckless ...Bk19C Eng. dial.
• RACKLESS-HANDED apt to do things in a heedless, slapdash manner; reckless, headstrong ...1778 Sc.
• RAMPTIOUS violent and reckless in behaviour; wild, active, dangerous; outrageous, quarrelsome, passionate ...1953 Amer. dial.
• RAM-STAM precipitate, headstrong, hasty, impetuous, reckless ...1786 Sc. & N. Eng. dial.
• RAMSTUDIOUS violent and reckless in behaviour; outrageous, rambunctious, quarrelsome, passionate ...1847 Amer. dial.
• RAMSTUGENOUS violent and reckless in behaviour; outrageous, quarrelsome, passionate ...1847 Amer. dial.
• RAMSTUGINOUS violent and reckless in behaviour; rambunctious, outrageous, quarrelsome, passionate ...1847 Amer. dial.
• RAMSTUGIOUS violent and reckless in behaviour; rough and strong, coarse, uncouth; rambunctious, outrageous, quarrelsome, passionate ...1811 Sc. & Amer. dial.
• RAMSTUJOUS violent and reckless in behaviour; outrageous, rambunctious, quarrelsome, passionate ...1847 Amer. dial.
• RASHFUL * rash, hasty, impetuous, reckless ...1567
• RECKLING reckless ...BK1904 Eng. dial.
• REGARDLESS reckless, careless, regardless of public opinion ...1894 Sc.
• RHYMELESS unreasonable; reckless, regardless ...Bk1904 Sc.
• RIMLESS unreasonable; reckless, regardless ...Bk1904 Sc.
• RYMELESS unreasonable; reckless, regardless ...Bk1904 Sc.
• SAVAGE † reckless, ungovernable ...c1400
• TEARING passionate, headstrong; violent, rowdy or reckless in behaviour ...M17
• TEMERARIOUS unreasonably adventurous; reckless, heedless, careless, rash, bold, headstrong ...1532 now only literary
• TEMERARY † rash, reckless, heedless, careless, overbold, headstrong ...c1410
• TEMEROUS * rash, reckless, foolhardy ...1461
• UNRECHELEAS † reckless, careless ...a1225
• UNTOWARDLY unmanageable, reckless ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
RECKLESS - nouns
• HARE'EM-SCARE'EM reckless action or behaviour ...1784
• HARUM-SCARUM reckless action or behaviour ...1784
• RAMPAGEOUSNESS reckless or riotous behaviour ...1883
• WANTONNESS † a reckless and justifiable act ...1630
RECKLESS - nouns, person
• BIG BOY a foolish, reckless, devil-may-care young man; a loveable idiot ...1920s US Black sl.
• CARE-AWAY † a reckless fellow, a roisterer ...1575
• FRANION † a gay reckless fellow; an idle, dissolute fellow ...1571 obs.
• HAPPY-GO-LUCKY an easygoing person; one of a reckless random disposition ...1851
• HARD CASE a reckless scapegrace; an unregenerate loafer; a dissipated person, or any wicked person ...1859 Amer. dial.
• HARE-BRAIN † one who has a brain like a hare's, or no more brain than a hare; a giddy, reckless or rash person; an oaf, a fool ...1550
• HARE'EM-SCARE'EM a reckless, unregulated person; reckless action or behaviour ...1784
• HARUM-SCARUM a reckless, unregulated person; a flighty person; reckless action or behaviour ...1784
• HELLCAT a mean, spiteful or malicious person, esp. a woman; a reckless, impertinent, bad-tempered, or vexatious person; a troublemaker; a devil-may-care person; one who pesters or annoys ...1899 Amer. dial.
• JAG-OFF a reckless person; one who takes foolish chances ...1968 Amer. dial.
• MADCAP a reckless, wildly impulsive person; also applied playfully to young women of lively and impulsive temperament ...1591
• RABSCALLION a rascal; a wild, reckless fellow; a vagabond; a ne'er-do-well ...1777 Sc.
• RAFFLE-TOPPIN(G) a wild, reckless, foolish person ...Bk19C Eng. dial.
• RAMBETTE a female 'Rambo' - reckless, fearless, the warrior woman ...1992 US sl.
• RAMPS a reckless, dissipated person; a noisy, merry, boisterous fellow ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
• RAMSCULLION † an offensively dirty person; a worthless wretch; a rascal; a wild, reckless fellow; a vagabond, a vagrant; a ne'er-do-well ...1866 Sc.
• RAMSHACKLE a thoughtless or reckless fellow ...1824 Eng. dial.
• RAMSTAM a giddy, forward, impetuous, reckless person ...1823 Sc.
• RANDY a wild, noisy, reckless person ...1890 Sc. & Eng. dial.
• RANTIPOLE * a rude, romping boy or girl; a wild, ill-behaved or reckless person; a scold, a termagant, a shrew; a dissolute person ...a1700
• RAPSCALLION a worthless wretch; a rascal, a rogue, a scamp; a wild, reckless fellow; a vagabond; a ne'er-do-well ...1699
• RAVEL-COPPIN a wild, reckless, careless fellow ...B1900 Eng. dial.
• SCAPEGRACE a man or boy of reckless and disorderly habits; a careless, idle, harebrained fellow; a graceless, good-for-nothing fellow; a ne'er-do-well; a complete rogue or rascal; a habitually unscrupulous person; a scamp (rarely applied to a female) ...1809
• SCATTER-WILLIE a reckless, devil-may-care person; a scatterbrain ...1960 Sc.
• SCATTER-WIT a reckless, senseless person ...Bk1904 Eng. dial.
• SCATTER-WITS a reckless, senseless person ...Bk1904 Eng. dial.
• SKATE a reckless person ...1900s US campus sl.
• SPLITASS MERCHANT a reckless individual; an expert stunt flier ...Amer. World War I sl.
RECKLESS - verbs
• BRIGGIT AROUND to act forward or recklessly ...1981 Amer. dial.
• FLING ONE'S CAP OVER THE WINDMILL to act recklessly and defiantly; to fly in the face of convention ...1839
• GAMS to behave in a rude, reckless manner, making rough movements ...1908 Sc.
• NOT TO CARE WHICH END GOES FIRST to be utterly reckless or extravagant ...Bk1900 Eng. dial.
• PLAY TAM-TRAM to play fast and loose; to act recklessly, unreliably, irresponsibly, immorally, or thoughtlessly ...1866 Sc.
• RAMP to behave with reckless or riotous violence ...1627
• RUN ONE'S TETHER-LENGTH to pursue a reckless course which leads to calamity ...1816 Sc.
RECKLESS - phrases
• NOT TO CARE WHETHER THE DOG CATCH THE HARE OR THE HARE CATCH THE DOG said of a person who is utterly thoughtless or reckless of consequences ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
RECKLESSLY - adverbs
• AT ADVENTURE † at hazard, randomly, recklessly ...c1420
• AT ALL ADVENTURE † at random, anyhow; hence, at all hazards, at any risk, whatever may be the consequence; recklessly ...1485
• BALDHEADED without forethought or preparation, recklessly; headlong ...1848 Amer. dial.
• BANDONLY †* recklessly, daringly ...c1470
• HAND OVER HEAD † precipitately, hastily, rashly, recklessly; indiscriminately ...c1440 now rare or obs.
• HARUM-SCARUM recklessly, heedlessly, wildly ...1674-91
• HARUM-STARUM recklessly, heedlessly, wildly ...1674-91
• HELL BENT recklessly ...Bk1913 Amer. dial.
• HELL-BENT FOR ELECTION in a hurried, excited, or reckless manner; rapidly, furiously ... 1905 Amer. dial.
• RAMPAGEOUSLY recklessly, riotously ...1840
• RAMPANTLY with reckless or riotous violence ...1426
• RAM-STAM in a headlong, precipitate manner; recklessly, rashly, rudely; in confusion ...1735 Sc. & Eng. dial.
• SAVAGELY † recklessly ...a1400
• SLAM-BANG recklessly ...Bk1905 Amer. dial.
• SMACK-SMOOTH in a reckless or random manner, regardless of consequences ...1847 Eng. dial.
• UNCAIRDLY † without taking care; recklessly ...1590 Sc.
• UNCAREDLY † without taking care; recklessly ...1590 Sc.
RECKLESSNESS - nouns
• HARUM-SCARUMNESS recklessness ...1863
• HELLIN' recklessness ...Bk1942 Amer. sl.
• HELLIN'-AROUND recklessness ...Bk1942 Amer. sl.
• LAVISHNESS † absence of restraint; recklessness ...c1477
• MELT courage; recklessness ...1867 Amer. dial.
• ROUGH-NECKEDNESS recklessness ...Bk1942 Amer. sl.
RECKLESSNESS - interjections
• CARE-AWAY! † an exclamation of merriment or recklessness; away with care! ...1440
RECKON - verbs
• ACCOUNT † to calculate, to reckon, to compute ...1398
• CALCULE † to calculate, to reckon ...1377
• CALK † to calculate, to reckon, esp. astrologically ...1401
• CAST † to reckon, to calculate, to estimate ...a1300
• CATALOGIZE † to reckon up, to calculate ...1602
• COGILATE to suppose, to reckon ...Bk1913-17 Amer. dial.
• ETTLE to suppose, to conjecture, to imagine, to guess; to reckon, to compute, to count on ...1889 Sc.
• RATE * to reckon, to calculate, to estimate the amount or sum of ...1597
• RECK to reckon, to deem, to think ...1791 Sc.
• SCHEME to think, to reckon ...1970s S. Afr. sl.
• TALE † to account, to reckon ...c897
• UPCAST to reckon, to calculate ...1862 Sc.
• VIGGER to reckon, to do arithmetic ...1733 Eng. dial.
RECKONED - adjectives
• ACCOUNTABLE † able to be reckoned or computed ...1589
RECKONING (a bill or account, or its settlement - archaic) - nouns
• ACCOMPTER † account, reckoning ...1483 obs.
• ACOMPTER † account, reckoning ...1483.
• ADVICE † weighing of opinions; consideration, deliberation, consultation, reckoning ...1366
• BACK-RECKONING † a reckoning for past transactions or misdeeds ...1633
• BACKSPANG score for unpaid drinks ...1922 Sc.
• DECOMPT † account, reckoning ...1584 Sc.
• LAWING a reckoning at a tavern; a tavern-bill ...1535 Sc.
• LAY †* a bill, score, reckoning ...a1300
• NEW SETTLEMENTS a final reckoning ...1823 Oxford usage
• RECKLIN a reckoning, a bill, account ...1886 Eng. dial.
• SCOT the amount of a bill; an alehouse reckoning ...Bk1904 Eng. dial.
• SCRIP a bill, a reckoning ...1898 Sc.
• TAIL † account, reckoning ...c1330
• TAILLIE † an account or reckoning ...1497 Sc.
• TAILYE † an account or reckoning ...1497 Sc.
• TAILZIE † an account or reckoning ...1497 Sc.
• TALE † an account, a reckoning of numbers of money given and received, etc. ...1401
• TALLY * reckoning, score, account ...1614
• TICK a debit account; an account, reckoning ...1681
• UPSHOT † the amount of a reckoning ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
RECKONING - nouns, person
• SIR TIMOTHY one that treats everybody and pays the reckoning everywhere ...a1700 cant
RECKONING - verbs
• DECOUNT † to set down in a reckoning or account; to reckon ...1762
RECLINE - nouns, person
• ACCUMBENT one who reclines at table according to the ancient manner; hence, one who is at table without regard to posture ...1656
RECLINE - verbs
• ACCUMB †* to recline at meals, like the Greeks and later Romans ...1646
• LEAN † to recline, to lie down, to rest ...c950 obs. exc. Sc.
RECLINING - adjectives
• ACCUMBENT lying up to, or reclining at table ...1727
• DECUMBENT † lying down, reclining ...1656 rare or obs.
RECLINING - nouns
• ACCUBATION † the posture of reclining at table, practised by many ancient nations ...1646
• ACCUMBENCY †* the reclining position at table ...1658
• ACCUMBING † a reclining at table ...1646 obs.
• DECUMBENCE a lying down, reclining ...1646
• DECUMBENCY lying down, reclining ...1646
• DECUMBITURE † lying down, reclining ...1670
RECLUSE - adjectives
• UMBRATILE staying or living in the shade or within-doors; recluse, retiring ...1850
RECLUSE, RECLUSIVE - nouns, person
• BUCK NUN a celibate man; a man who lives alone, a recluse ...1907 Amer. dial.
• OLD BACHELOR a confirmed bachelor; a solitary or reclusive rustic; a hermit ...1867 Amer. dial.
• OLD BATCH a confirmed bachelor; a solitary or reclusive rustic; a hermit ...1899 Amer. dial.
RECOGNITION - nouns
• ACKNOWLEDGE † admitted or communicated knowledge, recognition, cognizance ...1548
• ACKNOWLEDGEMENT † recognition, knowledge ...1616
• BIG BANANA, THE the top prize or recognition; the focus of interest or attention ...1980 US sl.
• RECOGNIZATION recognition ...1934 Amer. dial.
• SNAPS praise; recognition ...1995 US sl.
• TARTLE † a hesitation in the recognition of a person or thing ...1825 Sc.
RECOGNITION - phrases
• PENNY DROPS, THE used to denote sudden realization or recognition ...1951 sl.
RECOGNIZABLE - adjectives
• COGNOSCIBLE capable of being known, knowable, ascertainable, recognizable ...1648
• ETH-KENT well known, easily recognizable ...1908 Sc.
• KENSPECK easily recognizable, clearly visible, conspicuous ...1590 Eng. dial.
• KENSPECKLE easily recognizable, clearly visible, conspicuous ...1714 Sc. & N. Eng. dial.
• UNKENNABLE not recognizable ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
RECOGNIZE - verbs
• ACKNOW † to come to know, to recognize ...933
• AKNOW † to come to know, to recognize ...933
• BEKNOW † to become acquainted with; to recognize ...c1300
• CLOCK to catch sight of, to see; hence, to recognize, to identify ...1976 Amer. sl.
• COGNIZE to take note of, to notice, to observe; to know or perceive, to recognize ...1821
• DECOGNIZE † to cease or fail to recognize ...1658-9 nonce word
• DISRECOGNIZE to recognize ...1937 Amer. dial.
• DROP TO to become aware of, recognize, realize ...sl., chiefly US & Aust.
• KEN † to recognize; to identify ...c1205 obs. exc. Sc. & N. Eng. dial.
• NAIL to identify or recognize ...1902 Amer. sl.
• OFKEN †* to recognize, to perceive ...c1275
• RAP to recognize ...1920s US criminals sl.
• REALIZE to recognize ...1952 Amer. dial.
• RECOGNIZATE to recognize ...1891 Amer. dial.
• RUMBLE to recognize something intentionally concealed ...1886 sl.
• SCHOLAR to divine; to recognize, to identify ...1896 Eng. dial.
• TARTLE † 1. to hesitate, esp. to hesitate in recognizing a person ...1737 Sc.
† 2. to recognize, to take notice of ...Bk1905 Sc.
• TELL to recognize; to know; to distinguish ...1886 Eng. dial.
RECOGNIZED - adjectives
• MADE recognized, identified ...1930s US sl.
• TELLABLE distinguishable; easily recognized, conspicuous ...B1900 Eng. dial.
RECOIL - nouns
• BOOMERANG something that recoils on its originator ...M19
RECOIL - verbs
• BOOMERANG to recoil on the originator ...L19
• RECULE † to recoil, to retreat, to revert ...1667 Sc.
• RELUCTATE * to recoil from a thing ...a1865 Amer.
• WANDIS † to recoil, to retreat, to give way ...1375 Sc.
RECOLLECT - verbs
• BETHINK † to think of or about; to bear in mind; to call to mind, to recollect ...a1000 obs. exc. Sc. & Eng. dial.
• CALL HOME to remember, to recollect, to call to mind; to remember a person's name ...1887 Eng. dial.
• MIND to remember, to recollect, to bear in mind; to recall to mind ...1773 Sc. & Eng. dial.
• PUT ONE IN THE HEAD OF to remind one; to cause one to recollect ...1750 Eng. dial.
• UMBETHINK to bethink oneself; to recollect, to reflect, to recall to mind ...1788 Eng. dial.
• UNBETHINK to bethink oneself; to recollect, to reflect, to recall to mind ...1788 Eng. dial.
• UNDERBETHINK to remember, to recollect ...BK1905 Eng. dial.
RECOLLECTION - nouns
• MINDING a recollection, remembrance ...1887 Sc.
RECOMMENDATION - nouns
• RECOMMEND a recommendation ...1804 Amer. dial.
RECOMMENDING - adjectives
• BEKOKIN recommending ...1857 Eng. dial.
RECOMPENSE - nouns
• GAINYIELD † recompense, return, reward ...1513 Sc.
• HOOT applied esp. to money paid in recompense ...1820 NZ sl.
• HOOTOO applied esp. to money paid in recompense ...1820 NZ sl.
• HOUT applied esp. to money paid in recompense ...1820 NZ sl.
• HUTU applied esp. to money paid in recompense ...1820 NZ sl.
• LEAN † reward, recompense ...c1000
• MENDS amends, reparation, recompense, satisfaction, revenge; atonement ...1641 Sc. & Eng. dial.
• MENSE pay, recompense, reward; thanks, grateful return; kindness ...1785 Sc. & Eng. dial.
• REQUITANCE a recompense; a requital ...1857 Sc.
RECONCILE - nouns
• EIRENICON a proposal tending to make peace; an attempt to reconcile differences ...1865
RECONCILE - verbs
• FALL IN † to make up a quarrel; to become reconciled ...1606
• PACIFY † to reconcile ...c1500
• RACCOMMODE † to restore to good relations with a person; to set right ...1673
• RANTER to attempt to reconcile assertions or propositions that are dissonant ...Bk1905 Sc.
• SALVE † to clear up, to explain, to account for a difficulty, point in dispute, etc.; to overcome a doubt or objection; to reconcile a discrepancy ...1571
• SAUGHT † to bring to peace; to reconcile ...c1000 obs.
• SAUGHTEL † to reconcile persons ...a1122
• SAUGHTEN † to reconcile ...c1175
RECONCILED - adjectives
• SAUGHT † in agreement, free from strife, at peace, reconciled ...956
RECONCILED - nouns
• SAUGHTNESS † the condition of being reconciled ...c1000
RECONCILED - verbs
• SAUGHTEL † to come to agreement, to become reconciled ...1154
• SAUGHTEN † to become reconciled or at peace ...c1205
RECONCILIATION - nouns
• ACCORDMENT agreement, reconciliation; reconcilement ...c1330
• ONEMENT † union of mind or feeling; agreement, accord, concord; reconciliation ...a1450
• SAUGHTELING † reconciliation ...a1300
• SAUGHTLINESS †* reconciliation ...a1300
RECONNAISSANCE - adjectives
• SNEAK-AND-PEAK undertaken for the purpose of reconnaissance ...1974 US sl.
RECONSTRUCT - verbs
• WALK BACK THE CAT to reconstruct events in order to understand what went wrong ...1997 US sl.
RECORD - nouns
• CHART-BUSTER a very successful song or record ...c1955 sl.
• CHART-TOPPER a very successful song or record ...c1955 colloq.
• CIRCLE a gramophone record ...1930s US jazz sl.
• GROOVE a phonograph record ...1960s Amer. sl.
• HOT WAX a very popular phonograph record ...1960s Amer. sl.
• INDIE an independent, e.g. a record label, film company, etc. ...1920s sl.
• PLATTER a phonograph record ...1931 US sl.
• SIDE a gramophone record ...1930s US Black sl.
• VINYL records, as opposed to tapes or CDs ...1970s sl.
RECORD (of an event, etc.) - nouns
• CARTUARY † a place where papers or records are kept; hence the whole collection of records (belonging to a monastery, etc.; or the book in which they are entered; a register ...1523
• CARTULARY a place where papers or records are kept; hence the whole collection of records (belonging to a monastery, etc.; or the book in which they are entered; a register ...1541
• CHARTUARY † a place where papers or records are kept; hence the whole collection of records (belonging to a monastery, etc.; or the book in which they are entered; a register ...1708
• CHARTULARY a place where papers or records are kept; hence the whole collection of records (belonging to a monastery, etc.; or the book in which they are entered; a register ...1541
• FASTS †* annals, records ...1705
• LEDGER † a record-book; a register ...1550
• LEGEND † a roll, list, record ...1377
• LETTERS † writings, written records ...c1250
RECORD - nouns, person
• VINYL JUNKIE one who is obsessed by records, rejecting all other forms of recorded music ...1970s sl.
RECORD - verbs
• CAN to record phonographically ...1918 US colloq.
• JAM THE BOX to play a phonographic record ...1960s Amer. sl.
RECORD (of an event, etc.) - verbs
• KNOCK A NICK IN THE POST to make a record of any remarkable event ...1847 sl.
• TITLE † to set down in writing; to inscribe, to record, to chronicle ...1340
RECORDED - adjectives
• MENTIONATE † mentioned, recorded ...c1525
RECORD PLAYER - nouns
• AGONY BOX a record player, a phonograph ...1920s US sl.
• BOX a phonograph, radio, or tape recorder; a portable stereo radio and cassette player ...1924 Amer. sl.
• CHATTERBOX a record player ...1930s US sl.
• MUSIC MACHINE a radio, jukebox, or phonograph ...1960s Amer. sl.
• NICKLETTE an automatic record player ...1930s US Black sl.
• VACAYA any mechanical or electrical device that produces sound; a jukebox, a record player ...2002 UK sl.
RECORD STORE - nouns
• GROOVE YARD a record store ...1960s Amer. sl.
RECOURSE - verbs
• BETAKE to resort, to have recourse to ...Bk1898 Sc.
RECOVER - verbs
• ACOVER † to recover, to get back, to regain; to regain health, to recover from illness ...a1100
• BECOVER † to recover ...c1325
• BOUNCE BACK to recover or return from a setback ...1950 UK sl.
• GAIN-COVER † to recover, to regain ...a1300
• GATHER UP ONE'S CRUMBS † to 'pick up' or recover one's strength or health; to improve in condition ...1588 obs. exc. Eng. dial.
• KERE † to recover ...c1475
• MEGGAR to improve, to get better; to recover from an illness, etc.; to get over an illness ...1856 Eng. dial.
• REVERT † to recover from a swoon, or from sickness ...1825 Sc.
• SNAP OUT OF IT to recover, esp. from gloom or sluggardy; to become energetic ...1928 Amer. sl.
• UPSET † to recover from a wound, calamity, etc. ...1806 Sc.
• VAMP UP to recover in health ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
• WARISH † to recover from sickness or trouble ...a1300
RECOVERING - adjectives
• BETTER FASHION recovering from illness ...Bk1898 Eng. dial.
• ON THE MENDING HAND improving, recovering health; recovering from sickness or injury; convalescent ...1675 Eng. & Amer. dial.
• ON THE MENDING ROAD improving, recovering health ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
• ON THE MENDING SIDE improving, recovering health ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
• ON THE MENDING WAY improving, recovering health ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
RECOVERING - nouns
• ACOVERING † recovering ...c1225
RECOVERY - nouns
• HEAL † recovery from sickness, healing, cure ...c1175 obs. exc. Sc.
RECREATION - nouns
• WRECK a recreation ground ...20C Cockneys' usage
RECREATION - verbs
• DEBOISE † to leave one's employment; to take recreation, to amuse oneself ...1633
RECRIMINATION - nouns
• CALLETING-BOUT a wordy quarrel; mutual recrimination ...Bk1898 Eng. dial.
• RANTUM-SCANTUM a wordy and mutual recrimination; a noisy argument ...L18 sl.
• SAUCE a scolding; blame, recrimination, abuse ...Bk1904 Eng. dial.
RECRUIT - nouns
• TIROCINIUM a band of novices or recruits ...1651
RECRUIT - nouns, person (also see SERVICES)
• BARBER-BAIT a recruit ...1945 US sl.
• BESOGNE † a raw recruit ...1615
• BESOGNIER † a raw recruit ...1584
• BESOGNIO † a raw recruit/soldier ...1591
• BESONIO † a raw recruit/soldier ...1591
• BEZONIAN † a raw recruit ...1592
• BIG JOHN a recruit from the country ...Bk1944 service sl.
• BLUEBEAK a young recruit ...1898 army sl.
• BOOB a Navy recruit ...World War II Amer. sl.
• BOOT a trainee in a military boot camp; a recruit ...1915 Amer. dial.
• CARPET-BAG RECRUIT a recruit worth more than what he stands up in ...c1875 military sl.
• FRESH MEAT any form of novice, as a new recruit ...20C sl.
• GREENHORN an inexperienced person; a novice; a raw recruit; an ignoramus; a simpleton
• GREENIE a greenhorn ...M19 colloq.
• HAYMAKER a lubber; a raw recruit ...1847 Amer sl., esp. nautical
• JEEP a recruit or basic trainee ...1938 Amer. military sl.
• JOSKIN a raw recruit ...1899 Amer. nautical sl., now hist.
• LADY a recruit in basic training; used contemptuously ...1965 US sl., esp. US Marine Corps usage
• LOGGIN a recruit ...Amer. World War I sl.
• MACAROON a new recruit ...1943 World War II Brit. sl.
• MACCA a recruit in the armed forces ...1944 Aust. sl.
• MACKER a recruit in the armed forces ...1944 Aust. sl.
• MAGGOT (contemptuous) a recruit, trainee, or newly arrived enlisted person; hence, in general, a mere novice ...1964 Amer. sl., orig. US Marine Corps usage
• PLOWMAKER'S MATE an awkward recruit ...Bk1913-17 Amer. navy sl.
• RING-TAIL a recruit ...Bk1903 military sl.
• SHAVETAIL a new recruit; a newly commissioned officer; a second lieutenant ...1891 Amer. dial.
RECRUIT - verbs
• SUCCENTURIATE †* to fill up the number of a band of soldiers; to recruit ...1623
RECRUIT - phrases
• READY TO MEET THE ELEPHANT said of recruits ...US Civil War usage
RECTANGLE, RECTANGULAR - nouns
• ORTHANGLE † a rectangle ...1603
• QUADRATE † a square; a square area or space; also, a rectangle or rectangular space ...1471
RECTANGULAR - adjectives
• QUADRATE * square, rectangular ...1398
• RECTANGULOUS † rectangular ...1680
RECTIFY - verbs
• RIGHTIFY to rectify; to correct ...1916 Amer. dial.
RECTUM - nouns
• ARSEHOLE the anus or rectum ...a1500
• ASS the rump, the buttocks, rectum, and anus ...1672
• BACK-DOOR the rectum and anus ...1694 Amer. sl.
• BACK PASSAGE the rectum ...1960 sl., euphemistic
• BUNGHOLE the anus, the rectum ...17C sl.
• CHOCOLATE CANAL the rectum ...2000 NZ sl.
• CHOCOLATE HIGHWAY the anus and rectum ...1977 US sl.
• DIRT-CHUTE the rectum ...E20 US sl.
• DIRT-ROAD the rectum ...E20 US sl.
• END-PUDDING the rectum ...Bk1900 Eng. dial.
• FART-BOX the anus or rectum; the buttocks ...1966 Amer. sl.
• FUGO the anus; the rectum ...18C Brit. sl.
• LINCOLN TUNNEL in homosexual usage: a loose anus and rectum ...1981 US sl.
• POOP-CHUTE the rectum ...E20 US sl.
• SIEGE † the anus or rectum ...1561
• VEGEMITE VALLEY the anus or rectum, in the context of (homosexual) anal intercourse ...1990s Aust. sl.
• WOMB the rectum ...1983 US sl.
• YANG the rectum ...1974 US sl.
RECUPERATING - adjectives
• ON THE GAIN in the process of recuperating or improving ...1850 Amer. dial.
RECYCLING - nouns
• PAPER GROWER a recycling bin for paper ...1989 Can. sl.
RED, REDDISH - adjectives
• CARNEOUS † flesh-coloured, pale red ...1673
• ERD red ...1842 Eng. dial.
• ERUBESCENT growing red or reddish; blushing ...1736
• HAEMATIC pert. to blood; containing blood; of a blood-red colour ...1854
• HAEMATINE † resembling blood; blood-red ...1658
• HEMATIC pert. to blood; containing blood; of a blood-red colour ...1854
• NACARINE †* red, reddish ...c1643
• PALLET †* of a light colour between red and white; pale red, flesh-coloured ...1565
• PISS-BURNT BROWN rusty red ...1961 Amer. dial.
• RED AS A FOX'S TAIL quite red ...Bk1905 Amer. dial.
• RED AS A SPANKED BABY'S ASS, AS very red ...1945 Amer. sl.
• RED AS MARTLESHAM LION, AS very red ...1892 Eng. dial.
• RED AS YATLIN-BLOOD used of anything of a bright red colour ...Bk1905 Sc.
• RUBEDINOUS * reddish ...1864
• RUBICUND † of things: inclined to redness; red ...1503
• RUBIOUS ruby-coloured, red ...1602
• SANGUINE blood-red ...1382 now literary
• SANGUINEOUS of the colour of blood ...c1520
• SANGUINOLENT † having the colour of blood, blood-red ...c1450
• TONY brownish-red ...1927
• VERMEIL of a bright scarlet or red colour; vermilion ...c1400 chiefly poetic
• VERMIL of a bright scarlet or red colour; vermilion ...c1400 chiefly poetic
RED - nouns
• CARNADINE † red or carnation colour ...1598
• NACARAT a bright orange-red colour ...1727-38
• SANGUINE † a blood-red colour ...a1500
• SANGUINEOUSNESS the condition of having a blood-red colour ...1865
• VERMEIL a vermilion hue or colour ...1590
• VERMELET † vermilion, bright red, scarlet ...c1530
RED - verbs
• SANGUINE † to stain or paint a sanguine (red) colour ...1591
• VERMEIL to colour or suffuse, to stain over, with or as with vermilion or bright red ...1596 chiefly poetic
• VERMIL to colour or suffuse, to stain over, with or as with vermilion or bright red ...1596 chiefly poetic
RED CROSS - nouns, person
• DOUGHGIRL a YMCA or Red Cross girl, i.e. one who bakes and gives out doughnuts ...Amer. World War I sl.
• STOVE LIZARD one who likes to hang around the stove at the YMCA or Red Cross canteen ...Amer. World War I sl.
REDEEM - verbs
• ABY(E) to pay the penalty for an offense; to redeem; to atone for; to suffer for; to make amends for; to expiate ...c1175 arch.
• GAIN-BUY † to buy back, to redeem ...1435
• RAQUITE †* to redeem ...1454
REDEEMABLE - adjectives
• RAQUITABLE †* redeemable ...1682
REDEMPTION - nouns
• LESNESS † absolution, redemption, forgiveness of sins ...c950
RED-LIGHT DISTRICT - nouns
• BACK ALLEY the main street of an otherwise run-down or 'red-light' area ...L19 US Black sl.
• DEAD LINE the red-light area of a town or city ...L19 US sl.
• EASY STREET a town's red-light area ...L19 euphemism
• LEVEE a nickname for a red-light district, esp. one in Chicago ...1882 Amer. dial.
• LINE a red-light district; skid row; an area of cheap housing ...1927 Amer. dial.
• SKID ROAD an area of town frequented by loggers after working hours; a red-light district ...1925 Amer. dial.
• SNAKEPIT a red-light area ...1960s sl.
REDNECK - nouns, person
• NECK a rustic or countrified person; a redneck; one regarded as socially unacceptable ...1966 Amer. dial.
• WOOL HAT a member of the White rural working class; a small farmer; a redneck; used chiefly in reference to such a person as a political force ...1828 Amer. dial.
• WOOL HAT BOY a member of the White rural working class; a small farmer; a redneck; used chiefly in reference to such a person as a political force ...1836 Amer. dial.
• WOOL HATTER a member of the White rural working class; a small farmer; a redneck; used chiefly in reference to such a person as a political force ...1986 Amer. dial.
REDRESS - verbs
• ODD to redress an inequality ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
• ODDS to alter, to remedy, to redress; to undo ...1868 Eng. dial.
REDUCE - verbs
• AFAITE † to reduce, to subdue ...1297
• BATE † to lower in amount, weight, estimation, to reduce ...c1460
• CASTRATE † to reduce in quantity or number ...1728
• DEBATE † to abate; to beat down, to bring down, to lower, to reduce, to lessen, to diminish ...c1450
• DEDUCT † to reduce ...1599
• DEFALCATE † to take or deduct a part from; to curtail, to reduce ...a1690
• DEFALCE † to take or deduct a part from; to curtail, to reduce ...1651
• DEFALK † to diminish by cutting off a part, to reduce by deductions ...1475
• MINIFY to reduce in actual size or importance; to make less, to lessen ...1866
• MINIMATE † to reduce to the smallest size ...1623 nonce word
• TAKE DOWN to reduce in circumstances; to lessen; to make bankrupt ...Bk1905 Sc.
REDUCTION - nouns
• BATEMENT reduction, lessening, diminution ...1677 arch.
• CASTRATION † decrease or reduction in quantity or amount; curtailment ...1728
• DEDUCTION †* reduction ...1683
• DEFALCATION † diminution or reduction by taking away a part; cutting down, abatement, curtailment ...1476
REDUNDANT - adjectives
• SUPERVACANEOUS † vainly added over and above what is essential; serving no purpose; superfluous, redundant, unnecessary, needless ...c1555 now rare or obs.
REDUNDANT - nouns
• GONEBURGER anything that is redundant or finished ...2000 NZ sl.
REED - adjectives
• ULVOSE † full of reeds or weeds ...1727
REEF - nouns
• SKERRY a rugged insulated sea-rock or stretch of rocks, covered by the sea at high water or in stormy weather; a reef ...1612
• VACKEL a reef of rocks in the sea; a 'skerry' ...Bk1905 Sc.
REEL - nouns, person
• TITTER-TOTTER † one who totters, reels, or staggers ...a1700
REEL - verbs
• DODDLE to fiddle around, to tinker; to stagger and reel ...1975 Amer. dial.
• GALAY † to reel; to stagger ...1375
• RAMBLE to dance; also, to reel, to stagger ...1790 Eng. dial.
• TITTER † to move unsteadily, as if about to fall; to totter, to reel; to sway to and fro ...c1374 obs. exc. Eng. dial.
• TITUBATE * to stagger, to stumble, to trip, to reel, to totter; to rock, roll ...1575
• WAMBLE † of things: to totter, to waver; to move unsteadily, to stagger, to reel ...1589 obs. exc. Eng. dial.
REELING - adjectives
• TITUBANT staggering, tottering, reeling, stumbling, unsteady ...1817
REELING - nouns
• TITUBATION * the act of staggering, reeling, stumbling, or tottering; unsteadiness in gait or carriage ...1849
REFEREE - nouns
• NOD, THE the referee's and judge's affirmative decision ...c1920 Amer. sl.
REFERENCE - nouns
• CHARACTERS one's references, as regards employment ...20C colloq.
• QUOTATION † a marginal reference to a passage in a book ...1532
• QUOTE † a marginal reference; a note ...1600
REFERENCE - verbs
• QUOTE †* 1. to mark a book with numbers (as of chapters, etc.), or with marginal references to other passages or works ...1387
† 2. to give the reference to a passage in a book by specifying the page, chapter, etc. where it is to be found ...1574
REFINE - verbs
• AESTHETICIZE to render aesthetic, or agreeable to a refined taste; to refine ...1864
• DECRASSIFY * to divest of what is crass, gross, or material; to purify, to refine ...1855
REFINED - adjectives
• GENTILITATE †* having gentle, refined, or polished manners, well-mannered ...1632
• RANCY-TANCY fancy, refined ...1950s Aust. rhyming sl.
REFINED - nouns, person
• MISS-WOMAN a refined, accomplished young woman, either married or single ...1953 Amer. dial.
REFINEMENT - nouns
• PRECIOSITY fastidious or carefully affected refinement, as in language, style, or taste ...1350
REFLECT - verbs
• ADVISE † to bethink oneself; to take thought, to consider, to reflect ...1297
• BETHINK to consider, to reflect, to meditate, to think ...c1300 arch.
• SCANCE to reflect on, to consider ...1787 Sc.
• UMTHINK † to bethink, to consider, to reflect ...a1300
• UNDERCAST † to consider, to reflect ...1489
REFLECTING - nouns
• BETHINKING n. the act of thinking, considering, reflecting, or remembering ...1340
REFLECTION (thought) - nouns
• ADVISEMENT † the process of viewing or considering mentally; thought, thinking, consideration, reflection, deliberation ...1330
• BACK-THOCHT a reflection, suspicion ...1927 Sc.
REFLECTION - nouns
• JACK A DANDY a light thrown by the reflection of the sun on a looking-glass or other bright surface, on to a wall or ceiling ...Bk1902 Eng. dial.
• JACK A-MAKING PANCAKES a light thrown by the reflection of the sun on a looking-glass or other bright surface, on to a wall or ceiling ...Bk1902 Eng. dial.
• JACK-WEAVER the coloured dancing reflection of sunlight cast by a swinging prism ...Bk1902 Eng. dial.
• SCAD any colour slightly or obliquely seen as by reflection; the reflection itself; a faint gleam ...1804 Sc.
• SCAIRY a shadow, reflection ...1899 Sc.
• SKERRY a shadow, reflection ...1899 Sc.
• SUN-GLADE a beam or track of sunlight, esp. the track of reflected sunlight on water ...1849
• UMBER † reflection ...c1407
REFORM - nouns, person
• MUMPSIMUS † one who obstinately adheres to old ways, in spite of the clearest evidence that they are wrong; an ignorant or bigoted opponent of reform ...1530
REFORM - verbs
• BEET † to bring into better state, to put right, to correct, to amend, to reform faults, evil ways, etc.; to make good misdeeds ...c950 obs. exc. Eng. dial.
• CHANGE UP to reform, to do better ...1905 Amer. dial.
• TAKE UP † to restrain oneself; to reform, to mend one's ways ...1613 obs. exc. Eng. dial.
• TURN OVER THE NEXT LEAF † to adopt a different (now always a better) line of conduct ...1577-87
• TURN THE LEAF † to adopt a different (now always a better) line of conduct ...1577-87
• UPTAKE ONESELF to reform ...1863 Sc.
REFORMATORY - nouns
• GAMMONING ACADEMY † a reformatory for juvenile criminals ...1889 UK criminals' sl.
• SCHOOLING a term of confinement in a reformatory ...L19 sl.
REFORMATORY - nouns, person
• P.K. the principal keeper at a reformatory ...20C UK sl.
REFORMED - adjectives
• DEAD being no longer a tramp or criminal; reformed ...1899 Amer. sl.
REFORM SCHOOL - nouns
• LITTLE SCHOOL a juvenile reformatory ...1920s US criminals’ sl.
REFRACTORY - adjectives
• HINKY refractory; stubborn ...1987 Amer. sl.
• ILL-TWARTENED cross-grained, refractory ...1929 Sc.
• OBSTRAPULOUS obstreperous; unmanageable, unruly; refractory, obstinate ...1830 Sc.
• OBSTROPALOUS obstreperous; unmanageable, unruly; refractory, obstinate ... c1725
• OBSTROPILOUS obstreperous; unmanageable, unruly; refractory, obstinate ...1830 Eng. dial.
• OBSTROPOLOUS obstreperous; unmanageable, unruly; refractory, obstinate ...1748
• OBSTROPULOUS obstreperous; unmanageable, unruly; refractory, obstinate ...1815 Eng. & Amer. dial.
• OPSTROPOLOUS obstreperous; unmanageable, unruly; refractory, obstinate ...1830 Eng. dial.
• RAFFATORY refractory, stubborn, unmanageable ...1881 Eng. dial.
• RAFFERTORY refractory, stubborn, unmanageable ...1881 Eng. dial.
• REFERTORY refractory, stubborn, unmanageable ...1881 Eng. dial.
• REFFATORY refractory, stubborn, unmanageable ...1881 Eng. dial.
• RIPTORIOUS uproarious, refractory ...1866 Eng. dial.
REFRACTORY - nouns, person
• ONMARK a troublesome or refractory person or animal ...Bk1905 Sc.
REFRAIN (music) - nouns
• LILLYLOO a lullaby; a refrain, a song ...1818 Sc.
REFRAIN - verbs
• FORFEND † to check, to refrain, to withhold ...1382
• LET † to check or withhold oneself; to desist, to refrain ...c1374
• TAKE THE CURE to give up something; to refrain from doing something ...20C US sl.
REFRAINING - adjectives
• ABSTEMIOUS * abstinent, refraining, sparing (with regard to other things than food) ...1610
• ABSTENTIOUS characterized by abstinence; self-restraining or refraining ...1879
REFRAINING - nouns
• ABSTAINMENT * the act of keeping from or refraining ...1859
• ABSTENTION the act of keeping oneself back, abstaining, or refraining ...1624-47
REFRESH - nouns
• SAUCE that which refreshes or invigorates ...a1500
REFRESH - verbs
• CALLER to freshen, to cool, to refresh ...1817 Sc.
• REFICIATE † to restore, refresh ...1657
REFRESHED - adjectives
• UP-MADE elated; renewed, refreshed; freed from pain ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
REFRESHING - adjectives
• CALLER AS A KAIL-BLADE as refreshing and cool as possible ...1790 Sc.
• REFRISCATIVE †* that refreshes, refreshing ...1582
REFRESHMENT - adjectives
• BAITLESS * without food, without refreshment ...1600
REFRESHMENT - nouns
• BAIT food, refreshment; a feed for horses, or slight repast for travellers, upon a journey; light refreshment taken between meals ...1570
• BAITING 1. the act of taking wayside refreshment or of giving food to horses upon a journey ...c1440
2. the place at which, or occasion when, a halt is made for refreshment on a journey ...1475
• BAITING-TIME time for refreshment ...1886 Eng. dial.
• BAVER slight refreshment taken between meals either at 11 a.m. or 4 p.m.; occasionally applied also to a regular meal ...1691 Eng. dial.
• BEAVER slight refreshment taken between meals either at 11 a.m. or 4 p.m.; occasionally applied also to a regular meal ...1691 Eng. dial.
• BEVER-TIME an interval allowed for refreshment, in the morning and afternoon ...1859 Eng. dial.
• BUVETTE a refreshment bar or room ...1774
• EASEMENT † refreshment by food and repose; hence, comfortable accommodation, food and lodging ...c1400
• LEMON TIME a break for rest and light refreshment ...20C Brit. railway sl.
• OASIS in motor racing: a refreshment stand ...1965 US sl.
• REAR-BIT refreshment taken between breakfast and dinner ...1892 Eng. dial.
• VESPER an afternoon or evening meal or refreshment ...1882 Amer. dial.
REFRIGERATOR - nouns
• BOX a refrigerator ...1978 Amer. sl.
• REEFER a refrigerator; a refrigerated railway wagon ...1914 US sl.
• TOWER a refrigerator ...1992 UK rhyming sl. for 'fridge' (Tower Bridge)
• TOWER BRIDGE a refrigerator ...1992 UK rhyming sl. for 'fridge'
REFUGE - nouns
• BAST sanctuary, refuge, asylum ...1894
• BIEL a shelter, refuge; a home, house; anything that shelters or shades ...Bk1911 Sc.
• BIELD shelter, refuge; also, a house, any object with shelters ...1725 Sc. & Eng. dial.
• HAIN a haven, a place of refuge ...1890 Sc.
• HARBOUR † a place of shelter or sojourn; lodgings, quarters, resting-place; a place of entertainment, an inn; a place of refuge, asylum ...c1300 obs. exc. Eng. dial.
• LEIND † a hiding-place, a refuge ...a1300
• LEND † a hiding-place, a refuge ...a1300
• NEST a snug retreat or refuge; a resting place; home
• STRAWYARD a shelter, asylum or refuge for the destitute ...1851-61 tramps' sl.
• SUBTERFUGE † a place to which a person escapes; a retreat, refuge ...1616
• SUCCOUR † shelter, protection; a place of shelter; a sheltered place; a refuge ...a1300 obs. exc. Eng. dial.
• TO-FLIGHT †* a shelter, a refuge ...a1300
REFUGE - verbs
• TAKE WATER to retreat, to back down, to take refuge; to retract a statement ...1853 Amer. dial.
REFUGEE - nouns, person
• BASTI a refugee ...1913
• D.P. displaced person; a person driven from their home by war and cared for in refugee camps ...World War II Amer. sl.
• RAFTER a Cuban refugee who arrives in Florida after a journey on a raft ...1990s US sl.
• REFFO a European refugee, esp. one who left Germany or German-occupied Europe before World War II ...1941 Aust. sl.
REFUND - verbs
• EMBURSE * to pay, to refund ...1721
• IMBURSE * to pay, to refund ...1721
REFURBISH - verbs
• GUSSY UP to refurbish, to renovate; to polish ...20C Amer. sl.
• REPLENISH to refurbish, to cleanse anew ...1891 Sc.
REFURBISHED - nouns
• VAMP anything patched up or refurbished; a patchwork; a book of this nature ...1884
REFUSAL, REFUSING - adjectives
• ABNUTIVE †* negative; implying denial or refusal ...a1682
• DECLINATORY that declines; expressing refusal ...1673
• NAYLESS †* accepting no refusal ...a1618
• NEGATORY expressing denial or refusal; denying; negative ...1580
• RECUSATIVE †* that tends to refuse or prohibit; denying, refusing, negative ...1660
REFUSAL - nouns
• DECLENSION * the act of declining; courteous refusal ...1817
• DECLINAL * the act of declining; courteous refusal ...1837
• DECLINATION † the withholding of acceptance; non-acceptance, modest or courteous refusal ...1612-5 obs. exc. Sc.
• DECLINATURE the act of declining or refusing; courteous refusal ...1842
• DECLINEMENT †* the act of declining or refusing; courteous refusal ...1680
• HARD WORD important or scandalous information; a hint; a password; a proposal; a refusal ...1843 chiefly Eng. dial.
• ICE MITT a rejection or refusal; a snub; a cold or hostile reception ...1935 Amer. dial.
• ICE PITCHER 'the cold shoulder'; a snub; refusal to recognize and acquaintance ...1900 Amer. dial.
• ICY MITT the cold shoulder; a cold or hostile reception; a show of deliberate indifference or disregard; a rejection or refusal; a snub ...1907
• ICY MITTEN a rejection or refusal; a snub; a cold or hostile reception ...1897 Amer. dial.
• NAY-SAY refusal, denial ...1631
• NAYWORD * refusal ...1898
• NEGATIVE †* the capacity of refusal ...1632
• REFUSE a refusal; the option of refusing an offer ...1881 Eng. dial.
• SHUT-DOOR a rejection, a refusal ...2001 UK sl.
REFUSAL, REFUSE - verbs
• BIFF to refuse; to repulse ...1895 US students' sl.
• BOW ONE'S BACK to refuse to do a job ...1958 Amer. dial.
• BOW UP to get mad; to turn mean; to refuse to do a job ...1958 Amer. dial.
• BREAK to disappoint, to deny, to refuse ...Bk1911 Sc.
• DAFT-MAN to refuse a person peremptorily or vigorously or to take no notice of him ...1928 tailors' sl.
• DIG ONE'S HEELS IN to refuse stubbornly to move or be persuaded ...colloq.
• DISANNUL to forbid, to hinder, to refuse ...Bk1900 Eng. dial.
• FAIN to forbid, to refuse; to claim a truce ...1870 Eng. dial.
• GAINSAY * to refuse ...c1330
• KECK to refuse with disdain; to be fastidious ...Bk1901 Eng. dial.
• NAIT †* to refuse, to deny ...c1374
• NAY †* 1. to refuse to do something ...a1300
† 2. to give a refusal to a person ...a1592 obs. exc. arch.
• NAY-SAY to refuse ...1773 Eng. dial. & arch.
• NICK WITH NAY to deny; to disappoint by denying; to meet one with a refusal ...1350
• RELUCTATE * to strive against, to refuse, to reject ...1681
• RENEAGUE to withdraw from an engagement; to jilt; to refuse; to deny ...1790 Sc. & Eng. dial.
• SCONCE to refuse, to neglect, to shirk ...Bk1904 Eng. dial.
• SNORT to be enraged at a thing; to refuse to do a thing ...Bk1892 Aust. sl.
• TAKE A BYE to refuse or decline to act or participate in something ...20C US sl.
• TARROW AT to feel or display reluctance; to show disdain or hesitation, to be pettishly unwilling to accept, to spurn, to refuse ...1768 Sc.
• WAIVE † to refuse or reject something offered ...c1386
• WARN † 1. to refuse or deny a thing to a person; to refuse to grant ...c897
† 2. to refuse to take or accept ...c1300
REFUSAL, REFUSING - interjections
• ACK! No! refusal of a request ...Bk1921 sl.
• ASK ME ARSE! used when refusing to cooperate or when withholding information ...1991 Irish sl.
• ASK ME BOLIX! used when refusing to cooperate or when withholding information ...1991 Irish sl.
• ASK ME LEFT ONE! used when refusing to cooperate or when withholding information ...1991 Irish sl.
• ASK ME SACK! used when refusing to cooperate or when withholding information ...1991 Irish sl.
• DAMN A HORSE IF I DO! a strong refusal or rejection ...c1820 colloq.
• DAMN ME FOR A HORSE IF I DO! an exclamation implying one's absolute refusal to do something ...E19 sl.
• I'LL BE PICK-AXED! a strong expression of denial or refusal ...1910s Aust. sl.
• NO SIR used for registering a strong refusal or denial ...1856 US
• NOSSIR used for registering a strong refusal or denial ...1856 US
• NOT LIKELY! used for registering refusal ...1893 UK sl.
• NOT ON YOUR LIFE! used for registering emphatic refusal or denial ...1896 US sl.
• NOT ON YOUR NELLY! used as an absolute denial, refusal, or rejection ...1941 UK rhyming sl. (not on your Nellie Duff for puff (breath, hence life))
REFUSAL - phrases
• NOT GIVE THE STEAM OF YOUR PISS expresses an absolute refusal to give or be generous ...2000 UK sl.
• NOT GIVE THE STEAM OFF YOUR TURDS expresses an absolute refusal to give or be generous ...2000 UK sl.
• THEN WANT MUST BE YOUR MASTER used in refusing a demand expressed by "I want ___ ____" ...1828
REFUSE - adjectives
• BAGGAGE † rubbishy, refuse ...1548
• CAGMAG unwholesome, decaying, refuse ...1859 Eng. dial. or vulgar
• OFFALDY of the nature of refuse; rubbishy, worthless ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
• OFFALING of the nature of refuse; rubbishy, worthless ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
• QUISQUILIAN †* of the nature of rubbish or refuse ...1716
• QUISQUILIARY †* of the nature of rubbish or refuse ...1817
• QUISQUILIOUS * of the nature of rubbish or refuse ...1802-12
REFUSE - nouns
• ABJECTION † that which is cast off or away; refuse, scum, dregs ...1447
• AVELINS refuse, the useless portion of any material; what is left over or rejected ...Bk1898 Eng. dial.
• BAGGAGE † rubbish, refuse, dirt ...1549
• BELLY-MUCK refuse, rubbish ...1844 Eng. dial.
• BRABBLACH refuse ...Bk1911 Sc.
• CAFF refuse, rubbish of any kind; refuse or unsaleable fish ...1817 Eng. dial.
• CAGMAG bad, unwholesome food; refuse of any kind; anything worthless, valueless, or rubbishy; rubbish; scraps; odds and ends ...1851 sl.
• DARSTS dregs, refuse ...Bk1900 Eng. dial.
• FALLINGS refuse, leavings ...1980 Amer. dial.
• GARBIDGE garbage, refuse; filth ...1583
• GARBISH garbage, refuse; filth ...1583
• HAGABAG † refuse of any kind ...1808 Sc.
• KEG-MEG bad, unwholesome food; refuse of any kind, anything valueless or worthless ...1875 Eng. dial.
• LAYSTALL a place where refuse and dung is laid...1553
• LAYSTOW † a place where refuse and dung is laid ...1494
• OFFAGE refuse ...1727
• OFFAL refuse in general; rubbish, garbage ...1598
• OFFSCOURINGS filth or defilement cleaned off and cast aside; refuse, rubbish ...1674
• OFFSCUM scum, dross, refuse ...1579
• OPALA refuse, trash ...1938 Hawaii
• PALT refuse, rubbish ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
• PALTRY † refuse, rubbish, trash; anything worthless ...1556 obs. exc. Eng. dial.
• PAULT refuse, rubbish ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
• RABBLEMENT refuse, dregs ...Bk19C Eng. dial.
• RAFF † worthless material, trash, rubbish, refuse ...c1420 obs. exc. Eng. dial.
• RAFFAGE rubbish, refuse, odds and ends ...Bk19C Eng. dial.
• RAFFLE of things: rubbish, refuse; worthless stuff ...1848
• RASCAL † rubbish, refuse ...c1440
• REFFIDGE refuse, worthless or inferior things ...1856 Eng. dial.
• REFUGE refuse, worthless or inferior things ...1856 Eng. dial.
• RID refuse, remains ...Bk1904 Eng. dial.
• RIFF-RAFF anything worthless; refuse; sweepings; offal ...1870 Sc. & Eng. dial.
• SCAFF refuse, worthless rubbish ...1815 Sc.
• SCRAM scum, refuse ...1888 Eng. dial.
• SCRAN a scrap, a morsel; remainder; refuse ...1851 Eng. dial.
• SCROFF odds and ends; rubbish, refuse, waste ...1842 Eng. dial.
• SCULCH refuse, junk, rubbish, trash, worthless stuff ...1900 Amer. dial.
• SILTS † dregs, refuse, scum ...1635
• SKULCH refuse, rubbish, junk, trash, worthless stuff ...1900 Amer. dial.
• SULLAGE filth, refuse; esp. as is carried off by drains from a house, farmyard, or the like; sewage ...1553
• SULLIDGE filth, refuse; esp. as is carried off by drains from a house, farmyard, or the like; sewage ...1553
• TOT an object collected from refuse ...1873 Brit. sl.
REFUSE (garbage) - nouns, person
• HAW-GAW a rag or refuse gatherer ...Bk1902 Sc.
REFUSE, REFUSER - nouns, person
• DECLINATOR † one who declines or refuses; a dissentient ...1606
• NAY-SAYER * a refuser ...1721
• SAYER NAY a person who refuses ...1876 Eng. dial.
REFUSE - verbs
• TOT to collect saleable items from refuse as an occupation ...1884 Brit. sl.
REFUSE (refusal) - see REFUSAL
REFUTATION - adjectives
• ELENCHIC pert. to refutation; that occupies himself with cross-examination ...1850
• ELENCHICAL * pert. to refutation; that occupies himself with cross-examination ...1641
• ELENCTIC pert. to refutation; that occupies himself with cross-examination ...1833
• ELENCTICAL † concerned with logical refutation ...1615
REFUTATION - nouns
• IMPROBATION †* disproof, confutation, refutation ...1551
• IMPROOF †* disproof, refutation ...1641
• IMPROVING † disproving; refutation ...c1449
REFUTE - adjectives
• IMPROBATIVE having the function of disproving; tending to refute ...1876
• IMPROBATORY having the function of disproving; tending to refute ...1828
REFUTE - verbs
• DISANNUL to countermand; to refute ...1892 Eng. dial.
• ELENCHIZE †* to make use of the elenchus (a logical refutation); to dispute, argue, refute ...1631
• IMPROVE † to prove to be wrong; to disprove, to refute, to confute a person, a statement, etc. ...c1449
• REFEL † to refute, to repel ...1796 Sc.
• REFELL † to refute, to repel ...1796 Sc.
• REJAG †* to controvert, to refute; to reply smartly ...c1440 obs. rare exc. Sc.
• RETUND † to drive or force back; to repel; to repress; to refute ...M17
• UNBUBBLE † to disprove, to refute ...a1640.
REFUTED - adjectives
• IMPROBATIVE capable of being refuted, liable to disproof; not proved to be true or genuine ...1754
• IMPROVABLE †* capable of being disproved or refuted; worthy of disapproval ...1604
REGAIN - verbs
• GAIN-COVER † to recover, to regain ...a1300
REGAL - adjectives
• BASILICAL kingly, royal, regal ...1652
REGARD - nouns
• TENDERNESS † consideration, regard; scrupulousness ...1818 Sc.
REGARD - verbs
• BEAR IN HAND to take notice, to regard ...1790 Eng. dial.
• BEHOLD † 1. to consider; to give attention or regard ...c825
† 2. to hold in regard, to observe commands, appointed days, etc. ...971
• ENT to regard, to notice; to obey ...Bk1900 Sc.
• HARKEN to apply the mind to what is said; to attend, to have regard; to listen with sympathy or docility ...c1230
• HEARKEN to apply the mind to what is said; to attend, to have regard; to listen with sympathy or docility ...c1230
• IMPUTE † to take into account, to consider, to regard ...1532
• KEEP † to care for, to regard, to desire ...1297
• RECK to take heed of; to care for, to regard ...1786 Sc. & Eng. dial.
• TENDER † to have regard for ...1714 Sc.
REGARDED - adjectives
• BEHOLDEN † regarded, considered ...a1520
REGARDLESS - adjectives
• DISREGARDLESS regardless ...1917 Amer. dial.
REGARDLESSLY - adverbs
• BANDLESSLY regardlessly ...Bk1898 Sc.
REGIMEN - nouns
• ECONOMY †* the rules which control a person's mode of living; regimen, diet ...1735
REGION - nouns
• DIGGINGS a place, locality, neighbourhood, region; premises ...1834 Amer. dial.
• UBIQUITY † locality, region ...1633
REGISTER - nouns
• CATALOGUE a list, register, or complete enumeration ...1460 arch.
• LEDGER † a record-book; a register ...1550
REGISTER - verbs
• REGISTRATE to register ...1799 Sc.
REGRET, REGRETFUL - adjectives
• COMPUNCTIOUS having or feeling compunction; pricking to the conscience; causing regret or misgiving; remorseful, repentant ...1605
• ICHABODIAN regretful, lamenting ...1887
REGRET - nouns
• DAMAGE † a matter for regret, a misfortune ...c1385
• EELIST † a cause of regret ...1825 Sc.
• HAD-I-WIST † a phrase (if I had known), expressing regret for something done in ignorance of circumstances now known; hence, a vain regret, or the heedlessness or loss of opportunity which leads to it ...1390
• HANKER hesitation, doubt, regret ...1862 Eng. dial.
• VEX a source of regret, sorrow, or annoyance; a trouble; a cause or state of vexation, annoyance, or worry ...1815 Sc.
REGRET - verbs
• BEGRUDGE to regret; to ill-wish ...Bk1911 Sc.
• BETHINK † to regret, to repent, to grudge ...1682
• LAUGH ON THE OTHER SIDE OF ONE'S FACE to cry; to experience unexpected failure, defeat, or regret ...1946 Amer. dial.
• LAUGH ON THE OTHER SIDE OF ONE'S MOUTH to cry; to experience unexpected failure, defeat, or regret ...1843 Amer. dial.
• LAUGH ON THE WRONG SIDE OF ONE'S MOUTH to cry; to experience unexpected failure, defeat, or regret ...1899 Amer. dial.
• LAUGH OUT OF THE OTHER CORNER OF ONE'S MOUTH to cry; to experience unexpected failure, defeat, or regret ...1912 Amer. dial.
• OFTHINK † to cause one grief or regret ...c1000
• RETURN BY WEEPING CROSS to regret deeply some undertaking, and repent of it; to be in a state of lamentation; to fail; to suffer defeat ...1659
• SIT OVER ONE'S SADS to regret something; to repent ...Bk1904 N. Ireland
• WHIP THE CAT to feel remorse; to regret something ...1847 Aust. sl.
REGRET - interjections
• AY-DI-ME! an exclamation of regret or pity ...Bk1898 Sc.
• DEAR! a mild register of anxiety, irritation, regret, etc. ...1694
• DEAR OH DEAR! a mild register of anxiety, irritation, regret, etc. ...1694 UK
• DEARY ME TO-DAY! an exclamation of regret or surprise ...1865 Eng. dial.
• LACKADAISY! expressing surprise, regret, or grief ...M18
• LACKADAY! expressing surprise, regret, or grief ...L17 arch.
• OCH! an exclamation of surprise, regret, or sorrow; ah! oh! alas! ...1528 Sc. & Irish
• OCH-AND-ANEE! an exclamation of sorrow or regret ...1790 Ireland
• OCHANEE! an exclamation of sorrow or regret ...1892 Sc.
• OCH-AN-HEIGH-HO! an exclamation of sorrow or regret ...1899 Eng. dial.
• OCH-HEY! an exclamation of sorrow or regret ...1838 Sc.
• OCH HON! an exclamation of sorrow or regret ...1865 Sc.
• OCH HON A-CHREE! an exclamation of sorrow or regret ...1865 Sc.
• OCHON! an exclamation of sorrow or regret ...1787 Sc.
• OCHONE! an exclamation of sorrow or regret ...1865 Sc.
• OCH-ON-EE! an exclamation of sorrow or regret ...1865 Sc.
• OH-ANEE! an exclamation of sorrow or regret ...1765 Sc.
• OH DEAR! a mild register of anxiety, irritation, regret, etc. ...1694 UK
• OHON! an exclamation of sorrow or regret ...1785 Sc.
• SHACKS! a mild exclamation of surprise, regret, annoyance, etc. ...1980s US college sl.
REGRETFUL - adjectives
• OFF sad, sorrowful, regretful ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
REGRETTABLE - adjectives
• POPEYED regrettable, bad ...1930s sl.
REGRETTED - nouns
• CRIME something to be regretted ...colloq.
REGULAR - adjectives
• ORDERLY † conformable to established order or rule; regular ...1581
• ORDINAL † conformable to order, rule, or custom; regular, ordinary, orderly ...c1380
• ORDINARY † conformable to order or rule; regular; orderly, methodical ...1529
• ORDINATE † observant of order; keeping within orderly limits; orderly, regular, moderate, temperate ...c1374
• SUING † regular, proportionate; even, uniform ...c1369.
REGULAR - nouns, person
• OFTER a regular attender, usually at the races, the music hall, etc. ...L19 sporting sl.
REGULARLY - adverbs
• NATURALLY †* normally, regularly ...1526
• ORDINATELY † in an ordered or regulated manner; in due order, in regular succession or sequence; according to order or rule; regularly; properly, duly, temperately ...1382
• REGULAR regularly, always; steadily ...1875 Eng. dial.
• REGULAR AS THE CLOCK TICKS, AS very punctually and regularly ...Bk1904 Eng. dial.
REGULATE - nouns, person
• ORDINATOR † one who orders, regulates, directs, or governs ...1615
REGULATE - verbs
• ORDAIN † to set in proper order or position; to arrange; to keep in due order; to regulate, to govern, to direct, to manage, to conduct ...c1300 exc.
• ORDINATE † to order, to regulate, to control, to govern, to direct ...1595 rare or obs.
• RAIL † to set in order or array; to arrange; to regulate ...a1310
• SIZE † to regulate or control, esp. in relation to a fixed standard ...a1400-50
REGULATED - adjectives
• ORDENE † ordered, regulated; orderly, regular ...1340
REGULATING - adjectives
• ORDINATIVE * having the character or function of ordering, determining, or regulating; of the nature of ordering ...1605
REGULATION - nouns
• ORDINANCE the act of ordering or regulating; regulation, direction, management; authoritative appointment or dispensation; control ...c1330 arch.
• ORDINAL † a book containing rules, or a body of rules or regulations ...1390
• SIZE † an ordinance or regulation ...a1425
REGURGITATE - verbs
• SNAP ONE'S COOKIES to vomit; to regurgitate ...1920s US sl.
REHABILITATION - nouns
• JUNK FARM a federal rehabilitation institution ...20C US sl.
REHEARSE - verbs
• REHARSH to rehearse ...1932 Amer. dial.
• SCRIFT † to rehearse from memory with fluency; to magnify in narration ...1819 Sc.
• SHED to rehearse; to practice one's part, role, etc.; esp. to do so alone and rigorously ...1930s Amer. jazz usage
• WOODSHED to rehearse, esp. in private ...1936 US sl.
REIMBURSE - verbs
• IMPAY † to pay to the full what has been expended, to reimburse, to recoup ...1594
• RAMBURSE †* to reimburse ...1582 Sc.
REIN - nouns
• RIBBINS reins ...1837 sl.
• RIBBON a bridle rein ...1846 Amer. dial.
REITERATE - verbs
• DING to reiterate, to repeat, to importune; to harp on one subject ...1790 Sc. & Eng. dial.
• THREAP to assert positively, esp. to persist in or maintain a false accusation or assertion; to insist on; to swear, repeat, or reiterate obstinately ...1671 Sc. & Eng. dial.
REITERATION - nouns
• THREAPING a pertinacious reiteration ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
• LATELY † recent, late ...1581
• NEOTERIC recent, new, modern ...1596
• NEOTERICAL recent, new, modern ...1588
• NOVITIOUS † newly invented, of recent origin, new ...1659
• PUISNE later, more recent; of subsequent date ...M17
RECENT - nouns
• LAST AGE, THE † recent times ...1562
RECENTLY - adverbs
• LASTLY † very lately, recently ...1592
• LATER YEARS recently, nowadays ...1967 Amer. dial.
• LATE YEARS recently, nowadays ...1967 Amer. dial.
• LATEWARD † of late, recently ...1471
• LATEWARDLY † of late, lately; at a late date ...1720
• LATEWARDS † lately, recently ...1483
• LATE-WHILE(S) of late, recently ...1839
• LATTER DAYS recently, nowadays ...1976 Amer. dial.
• NEWLINS newly, recently ...1829 Sc.
• SITH LATE † recently ...1483
RECENTNESS - nouns
• LATELINESS † recency ...1605
RECEPTACLE - nouns
• CAP-CASE † a receptacle of any kind; a box, chest, casket, case ...1597
• CAPSULE † a little case or receptacle ...1652
• PARSON'S BARN a place that is 'never so full but there is still room for more'; a receptacle for everything ...1796 sl.
RECEPTION - nouns
• ACCOIL * reception, welcome ...1814
• ICE a cool reception; a brush-off; a snub; an act of rejection ...L19 US sl.
• ICE MITT a rejection or refusal; a snub; a cold or hostile reception ...1935 Amer. dial.
• IMBOO a welcome, a kindly or hospitable reception ...a1838 Sc.
• INBU a welcome, a kindly or hospitable reception ...a1838 Sc.
• INNIN an entrance, introduction, friendly reception ...1877 Sc.
RECESS - nouns
• HALKE † a corner, recess, hiding-place ...a1300
RECIPE - nouns
• RECEIPT a recipe ...1847 Amer. dial.
RECITATION - nouns
• CANTILLATION chanting, intoning, musical recitation ...1864
• DEAD a complete failure in recitation ...1827 Amer. students' sl.
• SCRIFT † a recitation; a long-winded story; a written composition; a made-up tale; a falsehood ...1766 Sc.
RECITATION - verbs
• DEAD 1. of a teacher: to cause a student to fail in recitation ...1837 Amer. sl.
2. make a complete failure in recitation; to be ignorant of the lesson ...1847 Amer. sl.
RECITE - verbs
• BESPOUT 1. to recite to, to plague with oratory ...1828
2. to utter, say, or recite with pompous elocution ...1857
• CANTILLATE to chant; to recite with musical tones ...1864
• DECLINE † to say or recite formally or in definite order ...1594
• GALLOP OVER to hurry over in reading or reciting; to read cursorily ...1782
• GALLOP THROUGH to hurry over in reading or reciting; to read cursorily ...1826
• NAIT †* to go over, to recite, to repeat ...a1300
• RAME to repeat, to recite, to declaim ...1703 Sc.
• REEBLE to read or recite quickly; to gabble ...1872 Sc.
• RIBBLE OFF to recite quickly, by rote; to speak rapidly a list or series one knows well ...1900 Amer. dial.
• RIBBLE to read or recite quickly; to gabble ...1872 Sc.
• SCREED to talk, read, or recite rapidly and fluently; to reel off; to repeat a lying fabrication ...1843 Sc.
• YED † to sing, to recite, to talk, to discourse ...c888
RECKLESS - adjectives
• BORIS-NORIS careless, reckless, rash; happy-go-lucky; going on blindly without any thought of risk or decency ...1863 Eng. dial.
• BULL-AT-A-GATE rash, reckless ...1896
• FAST-GATED reckless, thoughtless, hasty; presumptuous, immodest ...1874 Eng. dial.
• HAILY wild, reckless ...1896 Amer. dial.
• HAIRY-CUM-STAIRY harum-scarum, reckless, rash; irresponsible ...1919 Sc.
• HAND-OVER-HEAD † thoughtlessly extravagant; precipitate, rash, reckless; indiscriminate ...a1693 now rare or obs.
• HARE-BRAINED stupid and heedless, reckless; rash, wild, mad ...1548
• HAREM-SCAREM reckless, careless, heedless in action; wild, rash ...1751
• HARE'UM- SCARE-'UM reckless, careless, heedless in action; wild, rash ...1751
• HARUM-SCARUM. reckless, careless, heedless in action; wild, rash ...1751
• HEAD-OVER-HAP headstrong, reckless ...Bk1902 Sc.
• HELL-BENT FOR ELECTION unshakably determined; reckless; fast, furious ...1899 Amer. sl.
• LAVISHING † given to reckless or unrestrained behaviour ...1598
• MADCAP mad, crackbrained, reckless, wildly impulsive ...1588
• NECK-OR-NOTHING headlong, reckless ...1814
• ONTAKING buying or taking on credit; hence, reckless, rash, somewhat untrustworthy in business dealings; dishonest ...1880 Sc.
• ON THE RAMPAGE rushing about in a reckless or riotous fashion ...1861
• RACKLE † hasty, rash, reckless, impetuous, headstrong; rough or coarse in action; violent ...a1300 obs. exc. Sc. & N. Eng. dial.
• RACKLESOME boisterous, noisy, reckless ...Bk19C Eng. dial.
• RACKLESS-HANDED apt to do things in a heedless, slapdash manner; reckless, headstrong ...1778 Sc.
• RAMPTIOUS violent and reckless in behaviour; wild, active, dangerous; outrageous, quarrelsome, passionate ...1953 Amer. dial.
• RAM-STAM precipitate, headstrong, hasty, impetuous, reckless ...1786 Sc. & N. Eng. dial.
• RAMSTUDIOUS violent and reckless in behaviour; outrageous, rambunctious, quarrelsome, passionate ...1847 Amer. dial.
• RAMSTUGENOUS violent and reckless in behaviour; outrageous, quarrelsome, passionate ...1847 Amer. dial.
• RAMSTUGINOUS violent and reckless in behaviour; rambunctious, outrageous, quarrelsome, passionate ...1847 Amer. dial.
• RAMSTUGIOUS violent and reckless in behaviour; rough and strong, coarse, uncouth; rambunctious, outrageous, quarrelsome, passionate ...1811 Sc. & Amer. dial.
• RAMSTUJOUS violent and reckless in behaviour; outrageous, rambunctious, quarrelsome, passionate ...1847 Amer. dial.
• RASHFUL * rash, hasty, impetuous, reckless ...1567
• RECKLING reckless ...BK1904 Eng. dial.
• REGARDLESS reckless, careless, regardless of public opinion ...1894 Sc.
• RHYMELESS unreasonable; reckless, regardless ...Bk1904 Sc.
• RIMLESS unreasonable; reckless, regardless ...Bk1904 Sc.
• RYMELESS unreasonable; reckless, regardless ...Bk1904 Sc.
• SAVAGE † reckless, ungovernable ...c1400
• TEARING passionate, headstrong; violent, rowdy or reckless in behaviour ...M17
• TEMERARIOUS unreasonably adventurous; reckless, heedless, careless, rash, bold, headstrong ...1532 now only literary
• TEMERARY † rash, reckless, heedless, careless, overbold, headstrong ...c1410
• TEMEROUS * rash, reckless, foolhardy ...1461
• UNRECHELEAS † reckless, careless ...a1225
• UNTOWARDLY unmanageable, reckless ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
RECKLESS - nouns
• HARE'EM-SCARE'EM reckless action or behaviour ...1784
• HARUM-SCARUM reckless action or behaviour ...1784
• RAMPAGEOUSNESS reckless or riotous behaviour ...1883
• WANTONNESS † a reckless and justifiable act ...1630
RECKLESS - nouns, person
• BIG BOY a foolish, reckless, devil-may-care young man; a loveable idiot ...1920s US Black sl.
• CARE-AWAY † a reckless fellow, a roisterer ...1575
• FRANION † a gay reckless fellow; an idle, dissolute fellow ...1571 obs.
• HAPPY-GO-LUCKY an easygoing person; one of a reckless random disposition ...1851
• HARD CASE a reckless scapegrace; an unregenerate loafer; a dissipated person, or any wicked person ...1859 Amer. dial.
• HARE-BRAIN † one who has a brain like a hare's, or no more brain than a hare; a giddy, reckless or rash person; an oaf, a fool ...1550
• HARE'EM-SCARE'EM a reckless, unregulated person; reckless action or behaviour ...1784
• HARUM-SCARUM a reckless, unregulated person; a flighty person; reckless action or behaviour ...1784
• HELLCAT a mean, spiteful or malicious person, esp. a woman; a reckless, impertinent, bad-tempered, or vexatious person; a troublemaker; a devil-may-care person; one who pesters or annoys ...1899 Amer. dial.
• JAG-OFF a reckless person; one who takes foolish chances ...1968 Amer. dial.
• MADCAP a reckless, wildly impulsive person; also applied playfully to young women of lively and impulsive temperament ...1591
• RABSCALLION a rascal; a wild, reckless fellow; a vagabond; a ne'er-do-well ...1777 Sc.
• RAFFLE-TOPPIN(G) a wild, reckless, foolish person ...Bk19C Eng. dial.
• RAMBETTE a female 'Rambo' - reckless, fearless, the warrior woman ...1992 US sl.
• RAMPS a reckless, dissipated person; a noisy, merry, boisterous fellow ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
• RAMSCULLION † an offensively dirty person; a worthless wretch; a rascal; a wild, reckless fellow; a vagabond, a vagrant; a ne'er-do-well ...1866 Sc.
• RAMSHACKLE a thoughtless or reckless fellow ...1824 Eng. dial.
• RAMSTAM a giddy, forward, impetuous, reckless person ...1823 Sc.
• RANDY a wild, noisy, reckless person ...1890 Sc. & Eng. dial.
• RANTIPOLE * a rude, romping boy or girl; a wild, ill-behaved or reckless person; a scold, a termagant, a shrew; a dissolute person ...a1700
• RAPSCALLION a worthless wretch; a rascal, a rogue, a scamp; a wild, reckless fellow; a vagabond; a ne'er-do-well ...1699
• RAVEL-COPPIN a wild, reckless, careless fellow ...B1900 Eng. dial.
• SCAPEGRACE a man or boy of reckless and disorderly habits; a careless, idle, harebrained fellow; a graceless, good-for-nothing fellow; a ne'er-do-well; a complete rogue or rascal; a habitually unscrupulous person; a scamp (rarely applied to a female) ...1809
• SCATTER-WILLIE a reckless, devil-may-care person; a scatterbrain ...1960 Sc.
• SCATTER-WIT a reckless, senseless person ...Bk1904 Eng. dial.
• SCATTER-WITS a reckless, senseless person ...Bk1904 Eng. dial.
• SKATE a reckless person ...1900s US campus sl.
• SPLITASS MERCHANT a reckless individual; an expert stunt flier ...Amer. World War I sl.
RECKLESS - verbs
• BRIGGIT AROUND to act forward or recklessly ...1981 Amer. dial.
• FLING ONE'S CAP OVER THE WINDMILL to act recklessly and defiantly; to fly in the face of convention ...1839
• GAMS to behave in a rude, reckless manner, making rough movements ...1908 Sc.
• NOT TO CARE WHICH END GOES FIRST to be utterly reckless or extravagant ...Bk1900 Eng. dial.
• PLAY TAM-TRAM to play fast and loose; to act recklessly, unreliably, irresponsibly, immorally, or thoughtlessly ...1866 Sc.
• RAMP to behave with reckless or riotous violence ...1627
• RUN ONE'S TETHER-LENGTH to pursue a reckless course which leads to calamity ...1816 Sc.
RECKLESS - phrases
• NOT TO CARE WHETHER THE DOG CATCH THE HARE OR THE HARE CATCH THE DOG said of a person who is utterly thoughtless or reckless of consequences ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
RECKLESSLY - adverbs
• AT ADVENTURE † at hazard, randomly, recklessly ...c1420
• AT ALL ADVENTURE † at random, anyhow; hence, at all hazards, at any risk, whatever may be the consequence; recklessly ...1485
• BALDHEADED without forethought or preparation, recklessly; headlong ...1848 Amer. dial.
• BANDONLY †* recklessly, daringly ...c1470
• HAND OVER HEAD † precipitately, hastily, rashly, recklessly; indiscriminately ...c1440 now rare or obs.
• HARUM-SCARUM recklessly, heedlessly, wildly ...1674-91
• HARUM-STARUM recklessly, heedlessly, wildly ...1674-91
• HELL BENT recklessly ...Bk1913 Amer. dial.
• HELL-BENT FOR ELECTION in a hurried, excited, or reckless manner; rapidly, furiously ... 1905 Amer. dial.
• RAMPAGEOUSLY recklessly, riotously ...1840
• RAMPANTLY with reckless or riotous violence ...1426
• RAM-STAM in a headlong, precipitate manner; recklessly, rashly, rudely; in confusion ...1735 Sc. & Eng. dial.
• SAVAGELY † recklessly ...a1400
• SLAM-BANG recklessly ...Bk1905 Amer. dial.
• SMACK-SMOOTH in a reckless or random manner, regardless of consequences ...1847 Eng. dial.
• UNCAIRDLY † without taking care; recklessly ...1590 Sc.
• UNCAREDLY † without taking care; recklessly ...1590 Sc.
RECKLESSNESS - nouns
• HARUM-SCARUMNESS recklessness ...1863
• HELLIN' recklessness ...Bk1942 Amer. sl.
• HELLIN'-AROUND recklessness ...Bk1942 Amer. sl.
• LAVISHNESS † absence of restraint; recklessness ...c1477
• MELT courage; recklessness ...1867 Amer. dial.
• ROUGH-NECKEDNESS recklessness ...Bk1942 Amer. sl.
RECKLESSNESS - interjections
• CARE-AWAY! † an exclamation of merriment or recklessness; away with care! ...1440
RECKON - verbs
• ACCOUNT † to calculate, to reckon, to compute ...1398
• CALCULE † to calculate, to reckon ...1377
• CALK † to calculate, to reckon, esp. astrologically ...1401
• CAST † to reckon, to calculate, to estimate ...a1300
• CATALOGIZE † to reckon up, to calculate ...1602
• COGILATE to suppose, to reckon ...Bk1913-17 Amer. dial.
• ETTLE to suppose, to conjecture, to imagine, to guess; to reckon, to compute, to count on ...1889 Sc.
• RATE * to reckon, to calculate, to estimate the amount or sum of ...1597
• RECK to reckon, to deem, to think ...1791 Sc.
• SCHEME to think, to reckon ...1970s S. Afr. sl.
• TALE † to account, to reckon ...c897
• UPCAST to reckon, to calculate ...1862 Sc.
• VIGGER to reckon, to do arithmetic ...1733 Eng. dial.
RECKONED - adjectives
• ACCOUNTABLE † able to be reckoned or computed ...1589
RECKONING (a bill or account, or its settlement - archaic) - nouns
• ACCOMPTER † account, reckoning ...1483 obs.
• ACOMPTER † account, reckoning ...1483.
• ADVICE † weighing of opinions; consideration, deliberation, consultation, reckoning ...1366
• BACK-RECKONING † a reckoning for past transactions or misdeeds ...1633
• BACKSPANG score for unpaid drinks ...1922 Sc.
• DECOMPT † account, reckoning ...1584 Sc.
• LAWING a reckoning at a tavern; a tavern-bill ...1535 Sc.
• LAY †* a bill, score, reckoning ...a1300
• NEW SETTLEMENTS a final reckoning ...1823 Oxford usage
• RECKLIN a reckoning, a bill, account ...1886 Eng. dial.
• SCOT the amount of a bill; an alehouse reckoning ...Bk1904 Eng. dial.
• SCRIP a bill, a reckoning ...1898 Sc.
• TAIL † account, reckoning ...c1330
• TAILLIE † an account or reckoning ...1497 Sc.
• TAILYE † an account or reckoning ...1497 Sc.
• TAILZIE † an account or reckoning ...1497 Sc.
• TALE † an account, a reckoning of numbers of money given and received, etc. ...1401
• TALLY * reckoning, score, account ...1614
• TICK a debit account; an account, reckoning ...1681
• UPSHOT † the amount of a reckoning ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
RECKONING - nouns, person
• SIR TIMOTHY one that treats everybody and pays the reckoning everywhere ...a1700 cant
RECKONING - verbs
• DECOUNT † to set down in a reckoning or account; to reckon ...1762
RECLINE - nouns, person
• ACCUMBENT one who reclines at table according to the ancient manner; hence, one who is at table without regard to posture ...1656
RECLINE - verbs
• ACCUMB †* to recline at meals, like the Greeks and later Romans ...1646
• LEAN † to recline, to lie down, to rest ...c950 obs. exc. Sc.
RECLINING - adjectives
• ACCUMBENT lying up to, or reclining at table ...1727
• DECUMBENT † lying down, reclining ...1656 rare or obs.
RECLINING - nouns
• ACCUBATION † the posture of reclining at table, practised by many ancient nations ...1646
• ACCUMBENCY †* the reclining position at table ...1658
• ACCUMBING † a reclining at table ...1646 obs.
• DECUMBENCE a lying down, reclining ...1646
• DECUMBENCY lying down, reclining ...1646
• DECUMBITURE † lying down, reclining ...1670
RECLUSE - adjectives
• UMBRATILE staying or living in the shade or within-doors; recluse, retiring ...1850
RECLUSE, RECLUSIVE - nouns, person
• BUCK NUN a celibate man; a man who lives alone, a recluse ...1907 Amer. dial.
• OLD BACHELOR a confirmed bachelor; a solitary or reclusive rustic; a hermit ...1867 Amer. dial.
• OLD BATCH a confirmed bachelor; a solitary or reclusive rustic; a hermit ...1899 Amer. dial.
RECOGNITION - nouns
• ACKNOWLEDGE † admitted or communicated knowledge, recognition, cognizance ...1548
• ACKNOWLEDGEMENT † recognition, knowledge ...1616
• BIG BANANA, THE the top prize or recognition; the focus of interest or attention ...1980 US sl.
• RECOGNIZATION recognition ...1934 Amer. dial.
• SNAPS praise; recognition ...1995 US sl.
• TARTLE † a hesitation in the recognition of a person or thing ...1825 Sc.
RECOGNITION - phrases
• PENNY DROPS, THE used to denote sudden realization or recognition ...1951 sl.
RECOGNIZABLE - adjectives
• COGNOSCIBLE capable of being known, knowable, ascertainable, recognizable ...1648
• ETH-KENT well known, easily recognizable ...1908 Sc.
• KENSPECK easily recognizable, clearly visible, conspicuous ...1590 Eng. dial.
• KENSPECKLE easily recognizable, clearly visible, conspicuous ...1714 Sc. & N. Eng. dial.
• UNKENNABLE not recognizable ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
RECOGNIZE - verbs
• ACKNOW † to come to know, to recognize ...933
• AKNOW † to come to know, to recognize ...933
• BEKNOW † to become acquainted with; to recognize ...c1300
• CLOCK to catch sight of, to see; hence, to recognize, to identify ...1976 Amer. sl.
• COGNIZE to take note of, to notice, to observe; to know or perceive, to recognize ...1821
• DECOGNIZE † to cease or fail to recognize ...1658-9 nonce word
• DISRECOGNIZE to recognize ...1937 Amer. dial.
• DROP TO to become aware of, recognize, realize ...sl., chiefly US & Aust.
• KEN † to recognize; to identify ...c1205 obs. exc. Sc. & N. Eng. dial.
• NAIL to identify or recognize ...1902 Amer. sl.
• OFKEN †* to recognize, to perceive ...c1275
• RAP to recognize ...1920s US criminals sl.
• REALIZE to recognize ...1952 Amer. dial.
• RECOGNIZATE to recognize ...1891 Amer. dial.
• RUMBLE to recognize something intentionally concealed ...1886 sl.
• SCHOLAR to divine; to recognize, to identify ...1896 Eng. dial.
• TARTLE † 1. to hesitate, esp. to hesitate in recognizing a person ...1737 Sc.
† 2. to recognize, to take notice of ...Bk1905 Sc.
• TELL to recognize; to know; to distinguish ...1886 Eng. dial.
RECOGNIZED - adjectives
• MADE recognized, identified ...1930s US sl.
• TELLABLE distinguishable; easily recognized, conspicuous ...B1900 Eng. dial.
RECOIL - nouns
• BOOMERANG something that recoils on its originator ...M19
RECOIL - verbs
• BOOMERANG to recoil on the originator ...L19
• RECULE † to recoil, to retreat, to revert ...1667 Sc.
• RELUCTATE * to recoil from a thing ...a1865 Amer.
• WANDIS † to recoil, to retreat, to give way ...1375 Sc.
RECOLLECT - verbs
• BETHINK † to think of or about; to bear in mind; to call to mind, to recollect ...a1000 obs. exc. Sc. & Eng. dial.
• CALL HOME to remember, to recollect, to call to mind; to remember a person's name ...1887 Eng. dial.
• MIND to remember, to recollect, to bear in mind; to recall to mind ...1773 Sc. & Eng. dial.
• PUT ONE IN THE HEAD OF to remind one; to cause one to recollect ...1750 Eng. dial.
• UMBETHINK to bethink oneself; to recollect, to reflect, to recall to mind ...1788 Eng. dial.
• UNBETHINK to bethink oneself; to recollect, to reflect, to recall to mind ...1788 Eng. dial.
• UNDERBETHINK to remember, to recollect ...BK1905 Eng. dial.
RECOLLECTION - nouns
• MINDING a recollection, remembrance ...1887 Sc.
RECOMMENDATION - nouns
• RECOMMEND a recommendation ...1804 Amer. dial.
RECOMMENDING - adjectives
• BEKOKIN recommending ...1857 Eng. dial.
RECOMPENSE - nouns
• GAINYIELD † recompense, return, reward ...1513 Sc.
• HOOT applied esp. to money paid in recompense ...1820 NZ sl.
• HOOTOO applied esp. to money paid in recompense ...1820 NZ sl.
• HOUT applied esp. to money paid in recompense ...1820 NZ sl.
• HUTU applied esp. to money paid in recompense ...1820 NZ sl.
• LEAN † reward, recompense ...c1000
• MENDS amends, reparation, recompense, satisfaction, revenge; atonement ...1641 Sc. & Eng. dial.
• MENSE pay, recompense, reward; thanks, grateful return; kindness ...1785 Sc. & Eng. dial.
• REQUITANCE a recompense; a requital ...1857 Sc.
RECONCILE - nouns
• EIRENICON a proposal tending to make peace; an attempt to reconcile differences ...1865
RECONCILE - verbs
• FALL IN † to make up a quarrel; to become reconciled ...1606
• PACIFY † to reconcile ...c1500
• RACCOMMODE † to restore to good relations with a person; to set right ...1673
• RANTER to attempt to reconcile assertions or propositions that are dissonant ...Bk1905 Sc.
• SALVE † to clear up, to explain, to account for a difficulty, point in dispute, etc.; to overcome a doubt or objection; to reconcile a discrepancy ...1571
• SAUGHT † to bring to peace; to reconcile ...c1000 obs.
• SAUGHTEL † to reconcile persons ...a1122
• SAUGHTEN † to reconcile ...c1175
RECONCILED - adjectives
• SAUGHT † in agreement, free from strife, at peace, reconciled ...956
RECONCILED - nouns
• SAUGHTNESS † the condition of being reconciled ...c1000
RECONCILED - verbs
• SAUGHTEL † to come to agreement, to become reconciled ...1154
• SAUGHTEN † to become reconciled or at peace ...c1205
RECONCILIATION - nouns
• ACCORDMENT agreement, reconciliation; reconcilement ...c1330
• ONEMENT † union of mind or feeling; agreement, accord, concord; reconciliation ...a1450
• SAUGHTELING † reconciliation ...a1300
• SAUGHTLINESS †* reconciliation ...a1300
RECONNAISSANCE - adjectives
• SNEAK-AND-PEAK undertaken for the purpose of reconnaissance ...1974 US sl.
RECONSTRUCT - verbs
• WALK BACK THE CAT to reconstruct events in order to understand what went wrong ...1997 US sl.
RECORD - nouns
• CHART-BUSTER a very successful song or record ...c1955 sl.
• CHART-TOPPER a very successful song or record ...c1955 colloq.
• CIRCLE a gramophone record ...1930s US jazz sl.
• GROOVE a phonograph record ...1960s Amer. sl.
• HOT WAX a very popular phonograph record ...1960s Amer. sl.
• INDIE an independent, e.g. a record label, film company, etc. ...1920s sl.
• PLATTER a phonograph record ...1931 US sl.
• SIDE a gramophone record ...1930s US Black sl.
• VINYL records, as opposed to tapes or CDs ...1970s sl.
RECORD (of an event, etc.) - nouns
• CARTUARY † a place where papers or records are kept; hence the whole collection of records (belonging to a monastery, etc.; or the book in which they are entered; a register ...1523
• CARTULARY a place where papers or records are kept; hence the whole collection of records (belonging to a monastery, etc.; or the book in which they are entered; a register ...1541
• CHARTUARY † a place where papers or records are kept; hence the whole collection of records (belonging to a monastery, etc.; or the book in which they are entered; a register ...1708
• CHARTULARY a place where papers or records are kept; hence the whole collection of records (belonging to a monastery, etc.; or the book in which they are entered; a register ...1541
• FASTS †* annals, records ...1705
• LEDGER † a record-book; a register ...1550
• LEGEND † a roll, list, record ...1377
• LETTERS † writings, written records ...c1250
RECORD - nouns, person
• VINYL JUNKIE one who is obsessed by records, rejecting all other forms of recorded music ...1970s sl.
RECORD - verbs
• CAN to record phonographically ...1918 US colloq.
• JAM THE BOX to play a phonographic record ...1960s Amer. sl.
RECORD (of an event, etc.) - verbs
• KNOCK A NICK IN THE POST to make a record of any remarkable event ...1847 sl.
• TITLE † to set down in writing; to inscribe, to record, to chronicle ...1340
RECORDED - adjectives
• MENTIONATE † mentioned, recorded ...c1525
RECORD PLAYER - nouns
• AGONY BOX a record player, a phonograph ...1920s US sl.
• BOX a phonograph, radio, or tape recorder; a portable stereo radio and cassette player ...1924 Amer. sl.
• CHATTERBOX a record player ...1930s US sl.
• MUSIC MACHINE a radio, jukebox, or phonograph ...1960s Amer. sl.
• NICKLETTE an automatic record player ...1930s US Black sl.
• VACAYA any mechanical or electrical device that produces sound; a jukebox, a record player ...2002 UK sl.
RECORD STORE - nouns
• GROOVE YARD a record store ...1960s Amer. sl.
RECOURSE - verbs
• BETAKE to resort, to have recourse to ...Bk1898 Sc.
RECOVER - verbs
• ACOVER † to recover, to get back, to regain; to regain health, to recover from illness ...a1100
• BECOVER † to recover ...c1325
• BOUNCE BACK to recover or return from a setback ...1950 UK sl.
• GAIN-COVER † to recover, to regain ...a1300
• GATHER UP ONE'S CRUMBS † to 'pick up' or recover one's strength or health; to improve in condition ...1588 obs. exc. Eng. dial.
• KERE † to recover ...c1475
• MEGGAR to improve, to get better; to recover from an illness, etc.; to get over an illness ...1856 Eng. dial.
• REVERT † to recover from a swoon, or from sickness ...1825 Sc.
• SNAP OUT OF IT to recover, esp. from gloom or sluggardy; to become energetic ...1928 Amer. sl.
• UPSET † to recover from a wound, calamity, etc. ...1806 Sc.
• VAMP UP to recover in health ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
• WARISH † to recover from sickness or trouble ...a1300
RECOVERING - adjectives
• BETTER FASHION recovering from illness ...Bk1898 Eng. dial.
• ON THE MENDING HAND improving, recovering health; recovering from sickness or injury; convalescent ...1675 Eng. & Amer. dial.
• ON THE MENDING ROAD improving, recovering health ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
• ON THE MENDING SIDE improving, recovering health ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
• ON THE MENDING WAY improving, recovering health ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
RECOVERING - nouns
• ACOVERING † recovering ...c1225
RECOVERY - nouns
• HEAL † recovery from sickness, healing, cure ...c1175 obs. exc. Sc.
RECREATION - nouns
• WRECK a recreation ground ...20C Cockneys' usage
RECREATION - verbs
• DEBOISE † to leave one's employment; to take recreation, to amuse oneself ...1633
RECRIMINATION - nouns
• CALLETING-BOUT a wordy quarrel; mutual recrimination ...Bk1898 Eng. dial.
• RANTUM-SCANTUM a wordy and mutual recrimination; a noisy argument ...L18 sl.
• SAUCE a scolding; blame, recrimination, abuse ...Bk1904 Eng. dial.
RECRUIT - nouns
• TIROCINIUM a band of novices or recruits ...1651
RECRUIT - nouns, person (also see SERVICES)
• BARBER-BAIT a recruit ...1945 US sl.
• BESOGNE † a raw recruit ...1615
• BESOGNIER † a raw recruit ...1584
• BESOGNIO † a raw recruit/soldier ...1591
• BESONIO † a raw recruit/soldier ...1591
• BEZONIAN † a raw recruit ...1592
• BIG JOHN a recruit from the country ...Bk1944 service sl.
• BLUEBEAK a young recruit ...1898 army sl.
• BOOB a Navy recruit ...World War II Amer. sl.
• BOOT a trainee in a military boot camp; a recruit ...1915 Amer. dial.
• CARPET-BAG RECRUIT a recruit worth more than what he stands up in ...c1875 military sl.
• FRESH MEAT any form of novice, as a new recruit ...20C sl.
• GREENHORN an inexperienced person; a novice; a raw recruit; an ignoramus; a simpleton
• GREENIE a greenhorn ...M19 colloq.
• HAYMAKER a lubber; a raw recruit ...1847 Amer sl., esp. nautical
• JEEP a recruit or basic trainee ...1938 Amer. military sl.
• JOSKIN a raw recruit ...1899 Amer. nautical sl., now hist.
• LADY a recruit in basic training; used contemptuously ...1965 US sl., esp. US Marine Corps usage
• LOGGIN a recruit ...Amer. World War I sl.
• MACAROON a new recruit ...1943 World War II Brit. sl.
• MACCA a recruit in the armed forces ...1944 Aust. sl.
• MACKER a recruit in the armed forces ...1944 Aust. sl.
• MAGGOT (contemptuous) a recruit, trainee, or newly arrived enlisted person; hence, in general, a mere novice ...1964 Amer. sl., orig. US Marine Corps usage
• PLOWMAKER'S MATE an awkward recruit ...Bk1913-17 Amer. navy sl.
• RING-TAIL a recruit ...Bk1903 military sl.
• SHAVETAIL a new recruit; a newly commissioned officer; a second lieutenant ...1891 Amer. dial.
RECRUIT - verbs
• SUCCENTURIATE †* to fill up the number of a band of soldiers; to recruit ...1623
RECRUIT - phrases
• READY TO MEET THE ELEPHANT said of recruits ...US Civil War usage
RECTANGLE, RECTANGULAR - nouns
• ORTHANGLE † a rectangle ...1603
• QUADRATE † a square; a square area or space; also, a rectangle or rectangular space ...1471
RECTANGULAR - adjectives
• QUADRATE * square, rectangular ...1398
• RECTANGULOUS † rectangular ...1680
RECTIFY - verbs
• RIGHTIFY to rectify; to correct ...1916 Amer. dial.
RECTUM - nouns
• ARSEHOLE the anus or rectum ...a1500
• ASS the rump, the buttocks, rectum, and anus ...1672
• BACK-DOOR the rectum and anus ...1694 Amer. sl.
• BACK PASSAGE the rectum ...1960 sl., euphemistic
• BUNGHOLE the anus, the rectum ...17C sl.
• CHOCOLATE CANAL the rectum ...2000 NZ sl.
• CHOCOLATE HIGHWAY the anus and rectum ...1977 US sl.
• DIRT-CHUTE the rectum ...E20 US sl.
• DIRT-ROAD the rectum ...E20 US sl.
• END-PUDDING the rectum ...Bk1900 Eng. dial.
• FART-BOX the anus or rectum; the buttocks ...1966 Amer. sl.
• FUGO the anus; the rectum ...18C Brit. sl.
• LINCOLN TUNNEL in homosexual usage: a loose anus and rectum ...1981 US sl.
• POOP-CHUTE the rectum ...E20 US sl.
• SIEGE † the anus or rectum ...1561
• VEGEMITE VALLEY the anus or rectum, in the context of (homosexual) anal intercourse ...1990s Aust. sl.
• WOMB the rectum ...1983 US sl.
• YANG the rectum ...1974 US sl.
RECUPERATING - adjectives
• ON THE GAIN in the process of recuperating or improving ...1850 Amer. dial.
RECYCLING - nouns
• PAPER GROWER a recycling bin for paper ...1989 Can. sl.
RED, REDDISH - adjectives
• CARNEOUS † flesh-coloured, pale red ...1673
• ERD red ...1842 Eng. dial.
• ERUBESCENT growing red or reddish; blushing ...1736
• HAEMATIC pert. to blood; containing blood; of a blood-red colour ...1854
• HAEMATINE † resembling blood; blood-red ...1658
• HEMATIC pert. to blood; containing blood; of a blood-red colour ...1854
• NACARINE †* red, reddish ...c1643
• PALLET †* of a light colour between red and white; pale red, flesh-coloured ...1565
• PISS-BURNT BROWN rusty red ...1961 Amer. dial.
• RED AS A FOX'S TAIL quite red ...Bk1905 Amer. dial.
• RED AS A SPANKED BABY'S ASS, AS very red ...1945 Amer. sl.
• RED AS MARTLESHAM LION, AS very red ...1892 Eng. dial.
• RED AS YATLIN-BLOOD used of anything of a bright red colour ...Bk1905 Sc.
• RUBEDINOUS * reddish ...1864
• RUBICUND † of things: inclined to redness; red ...1503
• RUBIOUS ruby-coloured, red ...1602
• SANGUINE blood-red ...1382 now literary
• SANGUINEOUS of the colour of blood ...c1520
• SANGUINOLENT † having the colour of blood, blood-red ...c1450
• TONY brownish-red ...1927
• VERMEIL of a bright scarlet or red colour; vermilion ...c1400 chiefly poetic
• VERMIL of a bright scarlet or red colour; vermilion ...c1400 chiefly poetic
RED - nouns
• CARNADINE † red or carnation colour ...1598
• NACARAT a bright orange-red colour ...1727-38
• SANGUINE † a blood-red colour ...a1500
• SANGUINEOUSNESS the condition of having a blood-red colour ...1865
• VERMEIL a vermilion hue or colour ...1590
• VERMELET † vermilion, bright red, scarlet ...c1530
RED - verbs
• SANGUINE † to stain or paint a sanguine (red) colour ...1591
• VERMEIL to colour or suffuse, to stain over, with or as with vermilion or bright red ...1596 chiefly poetic
• VERMIL to colour or suffuse, to stain over, with or as with vermilion or bright red ...1596 chiefly poetic
RED CROSS - nouns, person
• DOUGHGIRL a YMCA or Red Cross girl, i.e. one who bakes and gives out doughnuts ...Amer. World War I sl.
• STOVE LIZARD one who likes to hang around the stove at the YMCA or Red Cross canteen ...Amer. World War I sl.
REDEEM - verbs
• ABY(E) to pay the penalty for an offense; to redeem; to atone for; to suffer for; to make amends for; to expiate ...c1175 arch.
• GAIN-BUY † to buy back, to redeem ...1435
• RAQUITE †* to redeem ...1454
REDEEMABLE - adjectives
• RAQUITABLE †* redeemable ...1682
REDEMPTION - nouns
• LESNESS † absolution, redemption, forgiveness of sins ...c950
RED-LIGHT DISTRICT - nouns
• BACK ALLEY the main street of an otherwise run-down or 'red-light' area ...L19 US Black sl.
• DEAD LINE the red-light area of a town or city ...L19 US sl.
• EASY STREET a town's red-light area ...L19 euphemism
• LEVEE a nickname for a red-light district, esp. one in Chicago ...1882 Amer. dial.
• LINE a red-light district; skid row; an area of cheap housing ...1927 Amer. dial.
• SKID ROAD an area of town frequented by loggers after working hours; a red-light district ...1925 Amer. dial.
• SNAKEPIT a red-light area ...1960s sl.
REDNECK - nouns, person
• NECK a rustic or countrified person; a redneck; one regarded as socially unacceptable ...1966 Amer. dial.
• WOOL HAT a member of the White rural working class; a small farmer; a redneck; used chiefly in reference to such a person as a political force ...1828 Amer. dial.
• WOOL HAT BOY a member of the White rural working class; a small farmer; a redneck; used chiefly in reference to such a person as a political force ...1836 Amer. dial.
• WOOL HATTER a member of the White rural working class; a small farmer; a redneck; used chiefly in reference to such a person as a political force ...1986 Amer. dial.
REDRESS - verbs
• ODD to redress an inequality ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
• ODDS to alter, to remedy, to redress; to undo ...1868 Eng. dial.
REDUCE - verbs
• AFAITE † to reduce, to subdue ...1297
• BATE † to lower in amount, weight, estimation, to reduce ...c1460
• CASTRATE † to reduce in quantity or number ...1728
• DEBATE † to abate; to beat down, to bring down, to lower, to reduce, to lessen, to diminish ...c1450
• DEDUCT † to reduce ...1599
• DEFALCATE † to take or deduct a part from; to curtail, to reduce ...a1690
• DEFALCE † to take or deduct a part from; to curtail, to reduce ...1651
• DEFALK † to diminish by cutting off a part, to reduce by deductions ...1475
• MINIFY to reduce in actual size or importance; to make less, to lessen ...1866
• MINIMATE † to reduce to the smallest size ...1623 nonce word
• TAKE DOWN to reduce in circumstances; to lessen; to make bankrupt ...Bk1905 Sc.
REDUCTION - nouns
• BATEMENT reduction, lessening, diminution ...1677 arch.
• CASTRATION † decrease or reduction in quantity or amount; curtailment ...1728
• DEDUCTION †* reduction ...1683
• DEFALCATION † diminution or reduction by taking away a part; cutting down, abatement, curtailment ...1476
REDUNDANT - adjectives
• SUPERVACANEOUS † vainly added over and above what is essential; serving no purpose; superfluous, redundant, unnecessary, needless ...c1555 now rare or obs.
REDUNDANT - nouns
• GONEBURGER anything that is redundant or finished ...2000 NZ sl.
REED - adjectives
• ULVOSE † full of reeds or weeds ...1727
REEF - nouns
• SKERRY a rugged insulated sea-rock or stretch of rocks, covered by the sea at high water or in stormy weather; a reef ...1612
• VACKEL a reef of rocks in the sea; a 'skerry' ...Bk1905 Sc.
REEL - nouns, person
• TITTER-TOTTER † one who totters, reels, or staggers ...a1700
REEL - verbs
• DODDLE to fiddle around, to tinker; to stagger and reel ...1975 Amer. dial.
• GALAY † to reel; to stagger ...1375
• RAMBLE to dance; also, to reel, to stagger ...1790 Eng. dial.
• TITTER † to move unsteadily, as if about to fall; to totter, to reel; to sway to and fro ...c1374 obs. exc. Eng. dial.
• TITUBATE * to stagger, to stumble, to trip, to reel, to totter; to rock, roll ...1575
• WAMBLE † of things: to totter, to waver; to move unsteadily, to stagger, to reel ...1589 obs. exc. Eng. dial.
REELING - adjectives
• TITUBANT staggering, tottering, reeling, stumbling, unsteady ...1817
REELING - nouns
• TITUBATION * the act of staggering, reeling, stumbling, or tottering; unsteadiness in gait or carriage ...1849
REFEREE - nouns
• NOD, THE the referee's and judge's affirmative decision ...c1920 Amer. sl.
REFERENCE - nouns
• CHARACTERS one's references, as regards employment ...20C colloq.
• QUOTATION † a marginal reference to a passage in a book ...1532
• QUOTE † a marginal reference; a note ...1600
REFERENCE - verbs
• QUOTE †* 1. to mark a book with numbers (as of chapters, etc.), or with marginal references to other passages or works ...1387
† 2. to give the reference to a passage in a book by specifying the page, chapter, etc. where it is to be found ...1574
REFINE - verbs
• AESTHETICIZE to render aesthetic, or agreeable to a refined taste; to refine ...1864
• DECRASSIFY * to divest of what is crass, gross, or material; to purify, to refine ...1855
REFINED - adjectives
• GENTILITATE †* having gentle, refined, or polished manners, well-mannered ...1632
• RANCY-TANCY fancy, refined ...1950s Aust. rhyming sl.
REFINED - nouns, person
• MISS-WOMAN a refined, accomplished young woman, either married or single ...1953 Amer. dial.
REFINEMENT - nouns
• PRECIOSITY fastidious or carefully affected refinement, as in language, style, or taste ...1350
REFLECT - verbs
• ADVISE † to bethink oneself; to take thought, to consider, to reflect ...1297
• BETHINK to consider, to reflect, to meditate, to think ...c1300 arch.
• SCANCE to reflect on, to consider ...1787 Sc.
• UMTHINK † to bethink, to consider, to reflect ...a1300
• UNDERCAST † to consider, to reflect ...1489
REFLECTING - nouns
• BETHINKING n. the act of thinking, considering, reflecting, or remembering ...1340
REFLECTION (thought) - nouns
• ADVISEMENT † the process of viewing or considering mentally; thought, thinking, consideration, reflection, deliberation ...1330
• BACK-THOCHT a reflection, suspicion ...1927 Sc.
REFLECTION - nouns
• JACK A DANDY a light thrown by the reflection of the sun on a looking-glass or other bright surface, on to a wall or ceiling ...Bk1902 Eng. dial.
• JACK A-MAKING PANCAKES a light thrown by the reflection of the sun on a looking-glass or other bright surface, on to a wall or ceiling ...Bk1902 Eng. dial.
• JACK-WEAVER the coloured dancing reflection of sunlight cast by a swinging prism ...Bk1902 Eng. dial.
• SCAD any colour slightly or obliquely seen as by reflection; the reflection itself; a faint gleam ...1804 Sc.
• SCAIRY a shadow, reflection ...1899 Sc.
• SKERRY a shadow, reflection ...1899 Sc.
• SUN-GLADE a beam or track of sunlight, esp. the track of reflected sunlight on water ...1849
• UMBER † reflection ...c1407
REFORM - nouns, person
• MUMPSIMUS † one who obstinately adheres to old ways, in spite of the clearest evidence that they are wrong; an ignorant or bigoted opponent of reform ...1530
REFORM - verbs
• BEET † to bring into better state, to put right, to correct, to amend, to reform faults, evil ways, etc.; to make good misdeeds ...c950 obs. exc. Eng. dial.
• CHANGE UP to reform, to do better ...1905 Amer. dial.
• TAKE UP † to restrain oneself; to reform, to mend one's ways ...1613 obs. exc. Eng. dial.
• TURN OVER THE NEXT LEAF † to adopt a different (now always a better) line of conduct ...1577-87
• TURN THE LEAF † to adopt a different (now always a better) line of conduct ...1577-87
• UPTAKE ONESELF to reform ...1863 Sc.
REFORMATORY - nouns
• GAMMONING ACADEMY † a reformatory for juvenile criminals ...1889 UK criminals' sl.
• SCHOOLING a term of confinement in a reformatory ...L19 sl.
REFORMATORY - nouns, person
• P.K. the principal keeper at a reformatory ...20C UK sl.
REFORMED - adjectives
• DEAD being no longer a tramp or criminal; reformed ...1899 Amer. sl.
REFORM SCHOOL - nouns
• LITTLE SCHOOL a juvenile reformatory ...1920s US criminals’ sl.
REFRACTORY - adjectives
• HINKY refractory; stubborn ...1987 Amer. sl.
• ILL-TWARTENED cross-grained, refractory ...1929 Sc.
• OBSTRAPULOUS obstreperous; unmanageable, unruly; refractory, obstinate ...1830 Sc.
• OBSTROPALOUS obstreperous; unmanageable, unruly; refractory, obstinate ... c1725
• OBSTROPILOUS obstreperous; unmanageable, unruly; refractory, obstinate ...1830 Eng. dial.
• OBSTROPOLOUS obstreperous; unmanageable, unruly; refractory, obstinate ...1748
• OBSTROPULOUS obstreperous; unmanageable, unruly; refractory, obstinate ...1815 Eng. & Amer. dial.
• OPSTROPOLOUS obstreperous; unmanageable, unruly; refractory, obstinate ...1830 Eng. dial.
• RAFFATORY refractory, stubborn, unmanageable ...1881 Eng. dial.
• RAFFERTORY refractory, stubborn, unmanageable ...1881 Eng. dial.
• REFERTORY refractory, stubborn, unmanageable ...1881 Eng. dial.
• REFFATORY refractory, stubborn, unmanageable ...1881 Eng. dial.
• RIPTORIOUS uproarious, refractory ...1866 Eng. dial.
REFRACTORY - nouns, person
• ONMARK a troublesome or refractory person or animal ...Bk1905 Sc.
REFRAIN (music) - nouns
• LILLYLOO a lullaby; a refrain, a song ...1818 Sc.
REFRAIN - verbs
• FORFEND † to check, to refrain, to withhold ...1382
• LET † to check or withhold oneself; to desist, to refrain ...c1374
• TAKE THE CURE to give up something; to refrain from doing something ...20C US sl.
REFRAINING - adjectives
• ABSTEMIOUS * abstinent, refraining, sparing (with regard to other things than food) ...1610
• ABSTENTIOUS characterized by abstinence; self-restraining or refraining ...1879
REFRAINING - nouns
• ABSTAINMENT * the act of keeping from or refraining ...1859
• ABSTENTION the act of keeping oneself back, abstaining, or refraining ...1624-47
REFRESH - nouns
• SAUCE that which refreshes or invigorates ...a1500
REFRESH - verbs
• CALLER to freshen, to cool, to refresh ...1817 Sc.
• REFICIATE † to restore, refresh ...1657
REFRESHED - adjectives
• UP-MADE elated; renewed, refreshed; freed from pain ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
REFRESHING - adjectives
• CALLER AS A KAIL-BLADE as refreshing and cool as possible ...1790 Sc.
• REFRISCATIVE †* that refreshes, refreshing ...1582
REFRESHMENT - adjectives
• BAITLESS * without food, without refreshment ...1600
REFRESHMENT - nouns
• BAIT food, refreshment; a feed for horses, or slight repast for travellers, upon a journey; light refreshment taken between meals ...1570
• BAITING 1. the act of taking wayside refreshment or of giving food to horses upon a journey ...c1440
2. the place at which, or occasion when, a halt is made for refreshment on a journey ...1475
• BAITING-TIME time for refreshment ...1886 Eng. dial.
• BAVER slight refreshment taken between meals either at 11 a.m. or 4 p.m.; occasionally applied also to a regular meal ...1691 Eng. dial.
• BEAVER slight refreshment taken between meals either at 11 a.m. or 4 p.m.; occasionally applied also to a regular meal ...1691 Eng. dial.
• BEVER-TIME an interval allowed for refreshment, in the morning and afternoon ...1859 Eng. dial.
• BUVETTE a refreshment bar or room ...1774
• EASEMENT † refreshment by food and repose; hence, comfortable accommodation, food and lodging ...c1400
• LEMON TIME a break for rest and light refreshment ...20C Brit. railway sl.
• OASIS in motor racing: a refreshment stand ...1965 US sl.
• REAR-BIT refreshment taken between breakfast and dinner ...1892 Eng. dial.
• VESPER an afternoon or evening meal or refreshment ...1882 Amer. dial.
REFRIGERATOR - nouns
• BOX a refrigerator ...1978 Amer. sl.
• REEFER a refrigerator; a refrigerated railway wagon ...1914 US sl.
• TOWER a refrigerator ...1992 UK rhyming sl. for 'fridge' (Tower Bridge)
• TOWER BRIDGE a refrigerator ...1992 UK rhyming sl. for 'fridge'
REFUGE - nouns
• BAST sanctuary, refuge, asylum ...1894
• BIEL a shelter, refuge; a home, house; anything that shelters or shades ...Bk1911 Sc.
• BIELD shelter, refuge; also, a house, any object with shelters ...1725 Sc. & Eng. dial.
• HAIN a haven, a place of refuge ...1890 Sc.
• HARBOUR † a place of shelter or sojourn; lodgings, quarters, resting-place; a place of entertainment, an inn; a place of refuge, asylum ...c1300 obs. exc. Eng. dial.
• LEIND † a hiding-place, a refuge ...a1300
• LEND † a hiding-place, a refuge ...a1300
• NEST a snug retreat or refuge; a resting place; home
• STRAWYARD a shelter, asylum or refuge for the destitute ...1851-61 tramps' sl.
• SUBTERFUGE † a place to which a person escapes; a retreat, refuge ...1616
• SUCCOUR † shelter, protection; a place of shelter; a sheltered place; a refuge ...a1300 obs. exc. Eng. dial.
• TO-FLIGHT †* a shelter, a refuge ...a1300
REFUGE - verbs
• TAKE WATER to retreat, to back down, to take refuge; to retract a statement ...1853 Amer. dial.
REFUGEE - nouns, person
• BASTI a refugee ...1913
• D.P. displaced person; a person driven from their home by war and cared for in refugee camps ...World War II Amer. sl.
• RAFTER a Cuban refugee who arrives in Florida after a journey on a raft ...1990s US sl.
• REFFO a European refugee, esp. one who left Germany or German-occupied Europe before World War II ...1941 Aust. sl.
REFUND - verbs
• EMBURSE * to pay, to refund ...1721
• IMBURSE * to pay, to refund ...1721
REFURBISH - verbs
• GUSSY UP to refurbish, to renovate; to polish ...20C Amer. sl.
• REPLENISH to refurbish, to cleanse anew ...1891 Sc.
REFURBISHED - nouns
• VAMP anything patched up or refurbished; a patchwork; a book of this nature ...1884
REFUSAL, REFUSING - adjectives
• ABNUTIVE †* negative; implying denial or refusal ...a1682
• DECLINATORY that declines; expressing refusal ...1673
• NAYLESS †* accepting no refusal ...a1618
• NEGATORY expressing denial or refusal; denying; negative ...1580
• RECUSATIVE †* that tends to refuse or prohibit; denying, refusing, negative ...1660
REFUSAL - nouns
• DECLENSION * the act of declining; courteous refusal ...1817
• DECLINAL * the act of declining; courteous refusal ...1837
• DECLINATION † the withholding of acceptance; non-acceptance, modest or courteous refusal ...1612-5 obs. exc. Sc.
• DECLINATURE the act of declining or refusing; courteous refusal ...1842
• DECLINEMENT †* the act of declining or refusing; courteous refusal ...1680
• HARD WORD important or scandalous information; a hint; a password; a proposal; a refusal ...1843 chiefly Eng. dial.
• ICE MITT a rejection or refusal; a snub; a cold or hostile reception ...1935 Amer. dial.
• ICE PITCHER 'the cold shoulder'; a snub; refusal to recognize and acquaintance ...1900 Amer. dial.
• ICY MITT the cold shoulder; a cold or hostile reception; a show of deliberate indifference or disregard; a rejection or refusal; a snub ...1907
• ICY MITTEN a rejection or refusal; a snub; a cold or hostile reception ...1897 Amer. dial.
• NAY-SAY refusal, denial ...1631
• NAYWORD * refusal ...1898
• NEGATIVE †* the capacity of refusal ...1632
• REFUSE a refusal; the option of refusing an offer ...1881 Eng. dial.
• SHUT-DOOR a rejection, a refusal ...2001 UK sl.
REFUSAL, REFUSE - verbs
• BIFF to refuse; to repulse ...1895 US students' sl.
• BOW ONE'S BACK to refuse to do a job ...1958 Amer. dial.
• BOW UP to get mad; to turn mean; to refuse to do a job ...1958 Amer. dial.
• BREAK to disappoint, to deny, to refuse ...Bk1911 Sc.
• DAFT-MAN to refuse a person peremptorily or vigorously or to take no notice of him ...1928 tailors' sl.
• DIG ONE'S HEELS IN to refuse stubbornly to move or be persuaded ...colloq.
• DISANNUL to forbid, to hinder, to refuse ...Bk1900 Eng. dial.
• FAIN to forbid, to refuse; to claim a truce ...1870 Eng. dial.
• GAINSAY * to refuse ...c1330
• KECK to refuse with disdain; to be fastidious ...Bk1901 Eng. dial.
• NAIT †* to refuse, to deny ...c1374
• NAY †* 1. to refuse to do something ...a1300
† 2. to give a refusal to a person ...a1592 obs. exc. arch.
• NAY-SAY to refuse ...1773 Eng. dial. & arch.
• NICK WITH NAY to deny; to disappoint by denying; to meet one with a refusal ...1350
• RELUCTATE * to strive against, to refuse, to reject ...1681
• RENEAGUE to withdraw from an engagement; to jilt; to refuse; to deny ...1790 Sc. & Eng. dial.
• SCONCE to refuse, to neglect, to shirk ...Bk1904 Eng. dial.
• SNORT to be enraged at a thing; to refuse to do a thing ...Bk1892 Aust. sl.
• TAKE A BYE to refuse or decline to act or participate in something ...20C US sl.
• TARROW AT to feel or display reluctance; to show disdain or hesitation, to be pettishly unwilling to accept, to spurn, to refuse ...1768 Sc.
• WAIVE † to refuse or reject something offered ...c1386
• WARN † 1. to refuse or deny a thing to a person; to refuse to grant ...c897
† 2. to refuse to take or accept ...c1300
REFUSAL, REFUSING - interjections
• ACK! No! refusal of a request ...Bk1921 sl.
• ASK ME ARSE! used when refusing to cooperate or when withholding information ...1991 Irish sl.
• ASK ME BOLIX! used when refusing to cooperate or when withholding information ...1991 Irish sl.
• ASK ME LEFT ONE! used when refusing to cooperate or when withholding information ...1991 Irish sl.
• ASK ME SACK! used when refusing to cooperate or when withholding information ...1991 Irish sl.
• DAMN A HORSE IF I DO! a strong refusal or rejection ...c1820 colloq.
• DAMN ME FOR A HORSE IF I DO! an exclamation implying one's absolute refusal to do something ...E19 sl.
• I'LL BE PICK-AXED! a strong expression of denial or refusal ...1910s Aust. sl.
• NO SIR used for registering a strong refusal or denial ...1856 US
• NOSSIR used for registering a strong refusal or denial ...1856 US
• NOT LIKELY! used for registering refusal ...1893 UK sl.
• NOT ON YOUR LIFE! used for registering emphatic refusal or denial ...1896 US sl.
• NOT ON YOUR NELLY! used as an absolute denial, refusal, or rejection ...1941 UK rhyming sl. (not on your Nellie Duff for puff (breath, hence life))
REFUSAL - phrases
• NOT GIVE THE STEAM OF YOUR PISS expresses an absolute refusal to give or be generous ...2000 UK sl.
• NOT GIVE THE STEAM OFF YOUR TURDS expresses an absolute refusal to give or be generous ...2000 UK sl.
• THEN WANT MUST BE YOUR MASTER used in refusing a demand expressed by "I want ___ ____" ...1828
REFUSE - adjectives
• BAGGAGE † rubbishy, refuse ...1548
• CAGMAG unwholesome, decaying, refuse ...1859 Eng. dial. or vulgar
• OFFALDY of the nature of refuse; rubbishy, worthless ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
• OFFALING of the nature of refuse; rubbishy, worthless ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
• QUISQUILIAN †* of the nature of rubbish or refuse ...1716
• QUISQUILIARY †* of the nature of rubbish or refuse ...1817
• QUISQUILIOUS * of the nature of rubbish or refuse ...1802-12
REFUSE - nouns
• ABJECTION † that which is cast off or away; refuse, scum, dregs ...1447
• AVELINS refuse, the useless portion of any material; what is left over or rejected ...Bk1898 Eng. dial.
• BAGGAGE † rubbish, refuse, dirt ...1549
• BELLY-MUCK refuse, rubbish ...1844 Eng. dial.
• BRABBLACH refuse ...Bk1911 Sc.
• CAFF refuse, rubbish of any kind; refuse or unsaleable fish ...1817 Eng. dial.
• CAGMAG bad, unwholesome food; refuse of any kind; anything worthless, valueless, or rubbishy; rubbish; scraps; odds and ends ...1851 sl.
• DARSTS dregs, refuse ...Bk1900 Eng. dial.
• FALLINGS refuse, leavings ...1980 Amer. dial.
• GARBIDGE garbage, refuse; filth ...1583
• GARBISH garbage, refuse; filth ...1583
• HAGABAG † refuse of any kind ...1808 Sc.
• KEG-MEG bad, unwholesome food; refuse of any kind, anything valueless or worthless ...1875 Eng. dial.
• LAYSTALL a place where refuse and dung is laid...1553
• LAYSTOW † a place where refuse and dung is laid ...1494
• OFFAGE refuse ...1727
• OFFAL refuse in general; rubbish, garbage ...1598
• OFFSCOURINGS filth or defilement cleaned off and cast aside; refuse, rubbish ...1674
• OFFSCUM scum, dross, refuse ...1579
• OPALA refuse, trash ...1938 Hawaii
• PALT refuse, rubbish ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
• PALTRY † refuse, rubbish, trash; anything worthless ...1556 obs. exc. Eng. dial.
• PAULT refuse, rubbish ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
• RABBLEMENT refuse, dregs ...Bk19C Eng. dial.
• RAFF † worthless material, trash, rubbish, refuse ...c1420 obs. exc. Eng. dial.
• RAFFAGE rubbish, refuse, odds and ends ...Bk19C Eng. dial.
• RAFFLE of things: rubbish, refuse; worthless stuff ...1848
• RASCAL † rubbish, refuse ...c1440
• REFFIDGE refuse, worthless or inferior things ...1856 Eng. dial.
• REFUGE refuse, worthless or inferior things ...1856 Eng. dial.
• RID refuse, remains ...Bk1904 Eng. dial.
• RIFF-RAFF anything worthless; refuse; sweepings; offal ...1870 Sc. & Eng. dial.
• SCAFF refuse, worthless rubbish ...1815 Sc.
• SCRAM scum, refuse ...1888 Eng. dial.
• SCRAN a scrap, a morsel; remainder; refuse ...1851 Eng. dial.
• SCROFF odds and ends; rubbish, refuse, waste ...1842 Eng. dial.
• SCULCH refuse, junk, rubbish, trash, worthless stuff ...1900 Amer. dial.
• SILTS † dregs, refuse, scum ...1635
• SKULCH refuse, rubbish, junk, trash, worthless stuff ...1900 Amer. dial.
• SULLAGE filth, refuse; esp. as is carried off by drains from a house, farmyard, or the like; sewage ...1553
• SULLIDGE filth, refuse; esp. as is carried off by drains from a house, farmyard, or the like; sewage ...1553
• TOT an object collected from refuse ...1873 Brit. sl.
REFUSE (garbage) - nouns, person
• HAW-GAW a rag or refuse gatherer ...Bk1902 Sc.
REFUSE, REFUSER - nouns, person
• DECLINATOR † one who declines or refuses; a dissentient ...1606
• NAY-SAYER * a refuser ...1721
• SAYER NAY a person who refuses ...1876 Eng. dial.
REFUSE - verbs
• TOT to collect saleable items from refuse as an occupation ...1884 Brit. sl.
REFUSE (refusal) - see REFUSAL
REFUTATION - adjectives
• ELENCHIC pert. to refutation; that occupies himself with cross-examination ...1850
• ELENCHICAL * pert. to refutation; that occupies himself with cross-examination ...1641
• ELENCTIC pert. to refutation; that occupies himself with cross-examination ...1833
• ELENCTICAL † concerned with logical refutation ...1615
REFUTATION - nouns
• IMPROBATION †* disproof, confutation, refutation ...1551
• IMPROOF †* disproof, refutation ...1641
• IMPROVING † disproving; refutation ...c1449
REFUTE - adjectives
• IMPROBATIVE having the function of disproving; tending to refute ...1876
• IMPROBATORY having the function of disproving; tending to refute ...1828
REFUTE - verbs
• DISANNUL to countermand; to refute ...1892 Eng. dial.
• ELENCHIZE †* to make use of the elenchus (a logical refutation); to dispute, argue, refute ...1631
• IMPROVE † to prove to be wrong; to disprove, to refute, to confute a person, a statement, etc. ...c1449
• REFEL † to refute, to repel ...1796 Sc.
• REFELL † to refute, to repel ...1796 Sc.
• REJAG †* to controvert, to refute; to reply smartly ...c1440 obs. rare exc. Sc.
• RETUND † to drive or force back; to repel; to repress; to refute ...M17
• UNBUBBLE † to disprove, to refute ...a1640.
REFUTED - adjectives
• IMPROBATIVE capable of being refuted, liable to disproof; not proved to be true or genuine ...1754
• IMPROVABLE †* capable of being disproved or refuted; worthy of disapproval ...1604
REGAIN - verbs
• GAIN-COVER † to recover, to regain ...a1300
REGAL - adjectives
• BASILICAL kingly, royal, regal ...1652
REGARD - nouns
• TENDERNESS † consideration, regard; scrupulousness ...1818 Sc.
REGARD - verbs
• BEAR IN HAND to take notice, to regard ...1790 Eng. dial.
• BEHOLD † 1. to consider; to give attention or regard ...c825
† 2. to hold in regard, to observe commands, appointed days, etc. ...971
• ENT to regard, to notice; to obey ...Bk1900 Sc.
• HARKEN to apply the mind to what is said; to attend, to have regard; to listen with sympathy or docility ...c1230
• HEARKEN to apply the mind to what is said; to attend, to have regard; to listen with sympathy or docility ...c1230
• IMPUTE † to take into account, to consider, to regard ...1532
• KEEP † to care for, to regard, to desire ...1297
• RECK to take heed of; to care for, to regard ...1786 Sc. & Eng. dial.
• TENDER † to have regard for ...1714 Sc.
REGARDED - adjectives
• BEHOLDEN † regarded, considered ...a1520
REGARDLESS - adjectives
• DISREGARDLESS regardless ...1917 Amer. dial.
REGARDLESSLY - adverbs
• BANDLESSLY regardlessly ...Bk1898 Sc.
REGIMEN - nouns
• ECONOMY †* the rules which control a person's mode of living; regimen, diet ...1735
REGION - nouns
• DIGGINGS a place, locality, neighbourhood, region; premises ...1834 Amer. dial.
• UBIQUITY † locality, region ...1633
REGISTER - nouns
• CATALOGUE a list, register, or complete enumeration ...1460 arch.
• LEDGER † a record-book; a register ...1550
REGISTER - verbs
• REGISTRATE to register ...1799 Sc.
REGRET, REGRETFUL - adjectives
• COMPUNCTIOUS having or feeling compunction; pricking to the conscience; causing regret or misgiving; remorseful, repentant ...1605
• ICHABODIAN regretful, lamenting ...1887
REGRET - nouns
• DAMAGE † a matter for regret, a misfortune ...c1385
• EELIST † a cause of regret ...1825 Sc.
• HAD-I-WIST † a phrase (if I had known), expressing regret for something done in ignorance of circumstances now known; hence, a vain regret, or the heedlessness or loss of opportunity which leads to it ...1390
• HANKER hesitation, doubt, regret ...1862 Eng. dial.
• VEX a source of regret, sorrow, or annoyance; a trouble; a cause or state of vexation, annoyance, or worry ...1815 Sc.
REGRET - verbs
• BEGRUDGE to regret; to ill-wish ...Bk1911 Sc.
• BETHINK † to regret, to repent, to grudge ...1682
• LAUGH ON THE OTHER SIDE OF ONE'S FACE to cry; to experience unexpected failure, defeat, or regret ...1946 Amer. dial.
• LAUGH ON THE OTHER SIDE OF ONE'S MOUTH to cry; to experience unexpected failure, defeat, or regret ...1843 Amer. dial.
• LAUGH ON THE WRONG SIDE OF ONE'S MOUTH to cry; to experience unexpected failure, defeat, or regret ...1899 Amer. dial.
• LAUGH OUT OF THE OTHER CORNER OF ONE'S MOUTH to cry; to experience unexpected failure, defeat, or regret ...1912 Amer. dial.
• OFTHINK † to cause one grief or regret ...c1000
• RETURN BY WEEPING CROSS to regret deeply some undertaking, and repent of it; to be in a state of lamentation; to fail; to suffer defeat ...1659
• SIT OVER ONE'S SADS to regret something; to repent ...Bk1904 N. Ireland
• WHIP THE CAT to feel remorse; to regret something ...1847 Aust. sl.
REGRET - interjections
• AY-DI-ME! an exclamation of regret or pity ...Bk1898 Sc.
• DEAR! a mild register of anxiety, irritation, regret, etc. ...1694
• DEAR OH DEAR! a mild register of anxiety, irritation, regret, etc. ...1694 UK
• DEARY ME TO-DAY! an exclamation of regret or surprise ...1865 Eng. dial.
• LACKADAISY! expressing surprise, regret, or grief ...M18
• LACKADAY! expressing surprise, regret, or grief ...L17 arch.
• OCH! an exclamation of surprise, regret, or sorrow; ah! oh! alas! ...1528 Sc. & Irish
• OCH-AND-ANEE! an exclamation of sorrow or regret ...1790 Ireland
• OCHANEE! an exclamation of sorrow or regret ...1892 Sc.
• OCH-AN-HEIGH-HO! an exclamation of sorrow or regret ...1899 Eng. dial.
• OCH-HEY! an exclamation of sorrow or regret ...1838 Sc.
• OCH HON! an exclamation of sorrow or regret ...1865 Sc.
• OCH HON A-CHREE! an exclamation of sorrow or regret ...1865 Sc.
• OCHON! an exclamation of sorrow or regret ...1787 Sc.
• OCHONE! an exclamation of sorrow or regret ...1865 Sc.
• OCH-ON-EE! an exclamation of sorrow or regret ...1865 Sc.
• OH-ANEE! an exclamation of sorrow or regret ...1765 Sc.
• OH DEAR! a mild register of anxiety, irritation, regret, etc. ...1694 UK
• OHON! an exclamation of sorrow or regret ...1785 Sc.
• SHACKS! a mild exclamation of surprise, regret, annoyance, etc. ...1980s US college sl.
REGRETFUL - adjectives
• OFF sad, sorrowful, regretful ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.
REGRETTABLE - adjectives
• POPEYED regrettable, bad ...1930s sl.
REGRETTED - nouns
• CRIME something to be regretted ...colloq.
REGULAR - adjectives
• ORDERLY † conformable to established order or rule; regular ...1581
• ORDINAL † conformable to order, rule, or custom; regular, ordinary, orderly ...c1380
• ORDINARY † conformable to order or rule; regular; orderly, methodical ...1529
• ORDINATE † observant of order; keeping within orderly limits; orderly, regular, moderate, temperate ...c1374
• SUING † regular, proportionate; even, uniform ...c1369.
REGULAR - nouns, person
• OFTER a regular attender, usually at the races, the music hall, etc. ...L19 sporting sl.
REGULARLY - adverbs
• NATURALLY †* normally, regularly ...1526
• ORDINATELY † in an ordered or regulated manner; in due order, in regular succession or sequence; according to order or rule; regularly; properly, duly, temperately ...1382
• REGULAR regularly, always; steadily ...1875 Eng. dial.
• REGULAR AS THE CLOCK TICKS, AS very punctually and regularly ...Bk1904 Eng. dial.
REGULATE - nouns, person
• ORDINATOR † one who orders, regulates, directs, or governs ...1615
REGULATE - verbs
• ORDAIN † to set in proper order or position; to arrange; to keep in due order; to regulate, to govern, to direct, to manage, to conduct ...c1300 exc.
• ORDINATE † to order, to regulate, to control, to govern, to direct ...1595 rare or obs.
• RAIL † to set in order or array; to arrange; to regulate ...a1310
• SIZE † to regulate or control, esp. in relation to a fixed standard ...a1400-50
REGULATED - adjectives
• ORDENE † ordered, regulated; orderly, regular ...1340
REGULATING - adjectives
• ORDINATIVE * having the character or function of ordering, determining, or regulating; of the nature of ordering ...1605
REGULATION - nouns
• ORDINANCE the act of ordering or regulating; regulation, direction, management; authoritative appointment or dispensation; control ...c1330 arch.
• ORDINAL † a book containing rules, or a body of rules or regulations ...1390
• SIZE † an ordinance or regulation ...a1425
REGURGITATE - verbs
• SNAP ONE'S COOKIES to vomit; to regurgitate ...1920s US sl.
REHABILITATION - nouns
• JUNK FARM a federal rehabilitation institution ...20C US sl.
REHEARSE - verbs
• REHARSH to rehearse ...1932 Amer. dial.
• SCRIFT † to rehearse from memory with fluency; to magnify in narration ...1819 Sc.
• SHED to rehearse; to practice one's part, role, etc.; esp. to do so alone and rigorously ...1930s Amer. jazz usage
• WOODSHED to rehearse, esp. in private ...1936 US sl.
REIMBURSE - verbs
• IMPAY † to pay to the full what has been expended, to reimburse, to recoup ...1594
• RAMBURSE †* to reimburse ...1582 Sc.
REIN - nouns
• RIBBINS reins ...1837 sl.
• RIBBON a bridle rein ...1846 Amer. dial.
REITERATE - verbs
• DING to reiterate, to repeat, to importune; to harp on one subject ...1790 Sc. & Eng. dial.
• THREAP to assert positively, esp. to persist in or maintain a false accusation or assertion; to insist on; to swear, repeat, or reiterate obstinately ...1671 Sc. & Eng. dial.
REITERATION - nouns
• THREAPING a pertinacious reiteration ...Bk1905 Eng. dial.